The role of stress in hypertension treatment adherence: Findings from Cimahi City

Gurdani Yogisutanti; Suhat Suhat

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2025467

Keywords:

Abstract

Studies on elderly patients with hypertension revealed that levels of depression, stress and anxiety correlated with their adherence to treatment. Hypertension patients who undergo regular treatment in Cimahi city still show low achievement, with 26.95% not meeting the target, while the number of hypertension cases continues to increase each year. Our objective was to analyze the role of stress in hypertension treatment adherence to address gaps identified in literature. This quantitative study involved cross sectional design conducted across 3 health centers with the highest hypertension cases in Cimahi city, namely, Padasuka, Cibereum and Cipageran Health Centers. The study was conducted for 4 months. A total of 160 participans were enrolled, and data were collected through interviews using the Hill Bone High Blood Pressure Compliance Scale to measure compliance and Perceived Stress Scale to measure stress level. Ethical approval was obtained from Health Research Ethics Commission, Immanuel Health Institute and participants provided informed consent. The primary outcome of the study was majority of respondents were aged between 50-59 years (38.1%), female (88.1%), completed elementary school education (48.8%), and 9.4% did not have health insurance. Respondents who experienced moderate stress were 52.5% and those who were disobedient were 65.6%. Statistical analyses revealed p value: 0.0001 and r value of 0.615. The higher the stress felt by the patient, the lower the level of compliance. Additionally, Stress can significantly interfere with a person's ability to comply with medication recommendations. Elderly patients with hypertension who is experiencing stress can increase the risk of forgetting or avoiding medication due to psychological effects. In conclusion, our study contributes to the understanding of relationship between stress and compliance with hypertension treatment. Future studies should address efforts to reduce stress in patients by creating more attractive intervention models to increase adherence in hypertensive patients.
References
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19. Rumkhullah, E., & Qomaruddin, M. B. (2015). Hubungan Antara Penilaian Stres Serta Upaya Coping Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Tuberkulosis. Jurnal PROMKES, 3(114–123).
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21. Suhat, S., Suwandono, A., Adi, M. S., & Nugroho, K. H. H. S. (2022). The Influence of a Health Education Intervention on Hypertension-related Knowledge, Attitude and Family Support in Cimahi City: A Quasi Experimental Study. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 18(5), 31–38.
22. Suhat, S., Suwandono, A., Adi, M. S., Nugroho, K. H., Widjanarko, B., & Wahyuni, C. U. (2022). Relationship of Health Belief Model with Medication Adherence and Risk Factor Prevention in Hypertension Patients in Cimahi City, Indonesia. Evidence Based Care Journal, 12(2), 51–56. https://doi.org/10.22038/EBCJ.2022.64141.2664
23. Turana, Y., Tengkawan, J., Chia, Y. C., Shin, J., Chen, C. H., Park, S., … Kario, K. (2021). Mental health problems and hypertension in the elderly: Review from the HOPE Asia Network. Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(3), 504–512. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14121

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Yogisutanti, G., & Suhat, S. (2025). The role of stress in hypertension treatment adherence: Findings from Cimahi City. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 7(9), 2025467. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025467

[1] Ainiyah, N., Zuhriyah, N., Zahroh, C., Damawiyah, S., Kusumawati, D. R., Afiyah, R. K., … Fitriasari, A. (2023). Influence of Self-Motivation and Health Locus of Control on Adherence to Medication Among Hypertension Patients. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 26(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v26i1.2526

[2] Burnier, M., & Egan, B. M. (2019). Adherence in Hypertension: A Review of Prevalence, Risk Factors, Impact, and Management. Circulation Research, 124(7), 1124–1140. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313220

[3] Dakhi, S., Kaban, K. B., Simanjuntak, D. H., Astiarini, W., & Munthe, I. S. (2022). Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Stres Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Kepatuhan Kontrol di RSU Mitra Medika Amplas Medan Tahun 2022. Elisabeth Health Journal: Jurnal Kesehatan, 7(No. 2), 192–195.

[4] Feldman, R, Marilyn, B, Norman, C, Aidan, D, Arun, C. (1998). Adherence to pharmacologic management of hypertension. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 89(5), 16–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03404494

[5] Fitri, A., Sekti, B. H., & Riyanti, I. (2023). Tingkat Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pasien Hipertensi di Klinik BMCI Malang. PHARMADEMICA : Jurnal Kefarmasian Dan Gizi, 3(1), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.54445/pharmademica.v3i1.36

[6] Gunawan, S. P., & Adriani, M. (2020). Obesitas Dan Tingkat Stres Berhubungan Dengan Hipertensi Pada Orang Dewasa Di Kelurahan Klampis Ngasem, Surabaya. Media Gizi Indonesia, 15(2), 119–126.

[7] Halawa, A., Artini, B., & Manutmasa, Y. S. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Stres Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Usia Dewasa Awal (18-40 Tahun). Jurnal Keperawatan, 12(2), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.47560/kep.v12i2.541

[8] Horne, C. E., Abel, W. M., & Crane, P. B. (2023). Fatigue, Stress, and Blood Pressure Medication Adherence by Race After Myocardial Infarction. Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 19(9), 104757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2023.104757

[9] Kai, M. W., Mariana, E. R., Utami, N. K., & Prayogi, B. (2024). Literature Review : the Association Between Cortisol and Stress Levels. Jurnal Citra Keperawatan, 12(1), 1–5.

[10] Kang, A. W., Dulin, A., Nadimpalli, S., & Risica, P. M. (2018). Stress, adherence, and blood pressure control: A baseline examination of Black women with hypertension participating in the SisterTalk II intervention. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12(August), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.08.002

[11] Kusumawardana, I., Tamtomo, D., & -, S. (2017). Relationship between Knowledge and Family Support regarding Hypertension with Blood Pressure Control in Elders. Indonesian Journal of Medicine, 02(01), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2017.02.01.01

[12] Kvarnström, K., Westerholm, A., Airaksinen, M., & Liira, H. (2021). Factors contributing to medication adherence in patients with a chronic condition: A scoping review of qualitative research. Pharmaceutics, 13(7), 1–41. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13071100

[13] Nurani, I. A. (2022). Tingkat Stress Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Minum Obat Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Rumah Singgah Peka Bogor Intan Asri Nurani. Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes, 13(April), 534–537.

[14] Oates, G. R., Juarez, L. D., Hansen, B., Kiefe, C. I., & Shikany, J. M. (2020). Social risk factors for medication nonadherence: Findings from the CARDIA study. American Journal of Health Behavior, 44(2), 232–243. https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.44.2.10

[15] Osamor, P. E. (2015). Social support and management of hypertension in South-West Nigeria. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa, 26(1), 29–33. https://doi.org/10.5830/CVJA-2014-066

[16] Panahi, S., Rathi, N., Hurley, J., Sundrud, J., Lucero, M., & Kamimura, A. (2022). Patient Adherence to Health Care Provider Recommendations and Medication among Free Clinic Patients. Journal of Patient Experience, 9, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735221077523

[17] Putra, I. P. B. P., Arisudhana, G. A. B., & Wijaya, I. P. A. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Stres, Depresi, dan Kecemasan dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat pada Lansia Hipertensi. Journal Nursing Research Publication Media (NURSEPEDIA), 2(3), 134–147. https://doi.org/10.55887/nrpm.v2i3.41

[18] Roohafza, H., Kabir, A., Sadeghi, M., & Shokouh, P. (2016). Stress as a Risk Factor for Noncompliance with Treatment Regimens Abstract Original Article. ARYA Atheroscler., 12(4), 166–171.

[19] Rumkhullah, E., & Qomaruddin, M. B. (2015). Hubungan Antara Penilaian Stres Serta Upaya Coping Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Tuberkulosis. Jurnal PROMKES, 3(114–123).

[20] Setyaningsih, W., Cintya Dewi Permatasari, & Harizza Pertiwi. (2022). Hubungan Pengetahuan Pra Lansia Dan Lansia Tentang Hipertensi Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat, Pola Diit, Dan Manajemen Stress. Binawan Student Journal, 4(2), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.54771/bsj.v4i2.500

[21] Suhat, S., Suwandono, A., Adi, M. S., & Nugroho, K. H. H. S. (2022). The Influence of a Health Education Intervention on Hypertension-related Knowledge, Attitude and Family Support in Cimahi City: A Quasi Experimental Study. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 18(5), 31–38.

[22] Suhat, S., Suwandono, A., Adi, M. S., Nugroho, K. H., Widjanarko, B., & Wahyuni, C. U. (2022). Relationship of Health Belief Model with Medication Adherence and Risk Factor Prevention in Hypertension Patients in Cimahi City, Indonesia. Evidence Based Care Journal, 12(2), 51–56. https://doi.org/10.22038/EBCJ.2022.64141.2664

[23] Turana, Y., Tengkawan, J., Chia, Y. C., Shin, J., Chen, C. H., Park, S., … Kario, K. (2021). Mental health problems and hypertension in the elderly: Review from the HOPE Asia Network. Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23(3), 504–512. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14121

Abstract

References

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