Analysis of key factors in SMK3 development: Malaria elimination policy in South Buru, Maluku

Sahrir Sillehu; Mevi Lilipory; Bahreni Yusuf; Syulce Luselya Tubalawony; Grace Jeny Wakanno; Wilda Fauzia; Ireine Tauran; Achmad Syukkur; Esther Lenny Dorlan Marisi; Eka Safitri Sillehu; Vernando Yanry Lameky

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2025449

Keywords:

Abstract

The highest prevalence of malaria has been observed in South Buru Regency. Effective elimination strategies can be developed only through an improved understanding of the etiology and spatial distribution of malaria cases. To meet the objectives of this study, spatial analysis was combined with the MICMAC method, which was conducted in two stages to clarify and formulate a malaria elimination strategy. The spatial distribution of malaria cases was mapped, while the MICMAC method was applied to examine factors influencing malaria elimination. The relationships among critical factors and their impact on malaria eradication were derived from the data analysis. Spatial analysis indicated that Namrole District is currently a malaria hotspot and may serve as a strategic target for preventive measures. The MICMAC analysis identified that human resource development, routine surveillance and rapid treatment investigations, and community education fall within Quadrant 1 (high influence–low independence), underscoring their importance in malaria elimination efforts. This study emphasizes the role of community engagement in achieving malaria eradication. Recommended strategies include: (1) prioritizing high-risk areas, (2) promoting intersectoral collaboration, (3) implementing active surveillance and case management, and (4) allocating resources effectively. Enhancing community awareness is essential for encouraging healthy practices and ensuring medical adherence. Insights from this study provide local authorities with valuable information for decision-making in malaria control, highlighting indispensable factors in Quadrant 1 that warrant focused attention, especially when identified as key predictors.
References
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Sillehu, S., Lilipory, M., Yusuf, B., Tubalawony, S. L., Wakanno, G. J., Fauzia, W., Tauran, I., Syukkur, A., Marisi, E. L. D., Sillehu, E. S., & Lameky, V. Y. (2025). Analysis of key factors in SMK3 development: Malaria elimination policy in South Buru, Maluku. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 7(9), 2025449. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025449

[1] Adegoriola, M. I., Lai, J. H., & Abidoye, R. (2023). Critical success factors of heritage building maintenance management: An SM-MICMAC analysis. Journal of Building Engineering, 69, 1-14.

[2] Alam, M. F., Tushar, S. R., Zaman, S. M., Gonzalez, E. D., Bari, A. M., & Karmaker, C. L. (2023). Analysis of the drivers of Agriculture 4.0 implementation in the emerging economies: Implications towards sustainability and food security. Green Technologies and Sustainability, 3(1), 1-14.

[3] Azizi, H., Esmaeili, E. D., & Abbasi, F. (2023). Availability of malaria diagnostic tests, anti-malarial drugs, and the correctness of treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Malaria Journal, 22(1), 1-10.

[4] Baghbanzadeh, M., Kumar, D., Yavasoglu, S. I., Manning, S., Hanafi-Bojd, A. A., Ghasemzadeh, H., ... Haque, U. (2020). Malaria epidemics in India: Role of climatic condition and control measures. Science of The Total Environment, 740, 1-15.

[5] Balami, A. D., Said, S. M., Zulkefli, N. A., Norsa’adah, B., & Audu, B. (2021). Improving malaria preventive practices and pregnancy outcomes through a health education intervention: A randomized controlled trial. Malaria Journal, 20(1), 1-16.

[6] Chaccour, C., Zulliger, R., Wagman, J., Casellas, A., Nacima, A., Elobolobo, E., ... Saute, F. (2021). Incremental impact on malaria incidence following indoor residual spraying in a highly endemic area with high standard ITN access in Mozambique: Results from a cluster-randomized study. Malaria Journal, 20(1), 1-15.

[7] Ezezika, O., El-Bakri, Y., Nadarajah, A., & Barrett, K. (2022). Implementation of insecticide-treated malaria bed nets in Tanzania: A systematic review. Journal of Global Health Reports, 6, 1-13.

[8] Galisong, R. D., & Kholifah, S. (2023). Interplay of physical and social vulnerabilities in Lumajang coastal areas: A multidimensional analysis with a focus on women's education. Journal of Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine, 8(1), 102-116.

[9] Greenwood, B., Cairns, M., Chaponda, M., Chico, R. M., Dicko, A., Ouedraogo, J.-B., ... Chandramohan, D. (2021). Combining malaria vaccination with chemoprevention: A promising new approach to malaria control. Malaria Journal, 20(1), 1-7.

[10] Gunasari, L. F. V. (2018). Evaluation of the Implementation of Malaria Elimination Program in FKIK University Network Health Centers. Jurnal Kedokteran Raflesia, 4(1), 144-146.

[11] Hehanussa, F. S., Sumunar, D. R., & Rakuasa, H. (2023). Utilization of Google Earth Engine to identify changes in land surface temperature in South Buru Regency based on cloud computing. Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 3(1), 37-45.

[12] Ipa, M., Widawati, M., Laksono, A. D., Kusrini, I., & Dhewantara, P. W. (2020). Variation of preventive practices and its association with malaria infection in eastern Indonesia: Findings from community-based survey. PLOS One, 15(8), 1-18.

[13] Kgoroebutswe, T. K., Makate, N., Fillinger, U., Mpho, M., Segoea, G., Sangoro, P. O., ... Nkya, T. E. (2020). Vector control for malaria elimination in Botswana: Progress, gaps and opportunities. Malaria Journal, 19(1), 1-12.

[14] Lameky, V. Y., & Nugroho, H. S. (2024). Book review of Research and Publication Ethics, written by Santosh Kumar Yadav. Switzerland: Springer Cham, 255 pp, ISBN 9783031269714. Health Dynamics, 1(5), 144-146.

[15] Nazlabadi, E., Maknoon, R., Moghaddam, M. R., & Daigger, G. T. (2023). A novel MICMAC approach for cross impact analysis with application to urban water/wastewater management. Expert Systems with Applications, 212, 1-16.

[16] Oktaviyani, P., Hartono, B., & Ekasari, R. (2020). Trend of malaria cases in Maluku Province 2012-2016. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 11(12), 1418-1424.

[17] Okumu, F., Gyapong, M., Casamitjana, N., Castro, M. C., Itoe, M. A., Okonofua, F., & Tanner, M. (2022). What Africa can do to accelerate and sustain progress against malaria. PLOS Global Public Health, 2(4), 1-16.

[18] Otambo, W. O., Olumeh, J. O., Ochwedo, K. O., Magomere, E. O., Debrah, I., Ouma, C., ... Yan, G. (2022). Health care provider practices in diagnosis and treatment of malaria in rural communities in Kisumu County, Kenya. Malaria Journal, 21(1), 1-11.

[19] Renwarin, V. M. (2014). Analysis of the implementation of malaria elimination program in Tomohon City. JIKMU, 4(4), 1-XX.

[20] Riniwati, H., Inaba, I., Viantika, R., & Galisong, R. D. (2023). MICMAC analysis of improving social variables of expected years of schooling (EYS) in coastal and non-coastal areas in Pasangkayu Regency, West Sulawesi. Journal of Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine, 8(2), 262-276.

[21] Riniwati, H., Utami, T. N., Sari, M., Alfarizi, W., Galisong, R. D., Anjani, N. P., & Viantika, R. (2023). The key factors in increasing the economic of the coastal village community in Madura Island. Habitat, 34(2), 105-118.

[22] Roosihermiatie, B., & Rukmini, R. (2012). Analysis of the implementation of malaria elimination policy in Bali Province. Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan, 15(2), 1-XX.

[23] Selasa, P. (2017). Implementation of malaria elimination policy in public health centers in Kupang City. Jurnal Info Kesehatan, 15(1), 1-XX.

[24] Sharma, A., Abbas, H., & Siddiqui, M. Q. (2021). Modelling the inhibitors of cold supply chain using fuzzy interpretive structural modeling and fuzzy MICMAC analysis. PLOS One, 16(5), 1-26.

[25] Sholihah, Q. N. (2023). Analysis of ISO 45001 implementation and an IT-based SMK3 measurement system (Information Technology). Seminar Nasional Keinsinyuran, 4(1), 40-45.

[26] Valdez, D., Keys, H., Ureña, K., Cabral, D., Camilo, F., Ogando, E. C., ... Puello, J. (2020). Malaria outbreak response in urban Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic: Lessons learned for community engagement. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 44, 1-6.

[27] Visa, T. I., Ajumobi, O., Bamgboye, E., Ajayi, I. O., & Nguku, P. (2020). Evaluation of malaria surveillance system in Kano State, Nigeria, 2013–2016. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 9(1), 1-9.

[28] World Health Organization. (2020). The potential impact of health service disruptions on the burden of malaria: A modelling analysis for countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Global Malaria Programme, World Health Organization, 1-25.

Abstract

References

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