Development of a baby walker with an integrated speed-limiting system to enhance safety and support infant motor skill development

Islamiyati Islamiyati; Sadiman Sadiman; Yoga Tri Wijayanti; Kusumawardhany Airlangga Rijanti; Huminsa Ranto Morison Panjaitan; Riza Muhida; Muhammad Riza

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2025289

Keywords:

baby walker

infant motor skills

speed-limiting system

safety control

anthropometric design

Abstract

The use of baby walkers to promote infant motor skills is widespread, but safety concerns remain due to the risk of falls and accidents. This study aims to develop a baby walker with an integrated speed-limiting system to enhance safety while supporting motor development in infants aged 9 to 15 months. The walker incorporates a braking mechanism activated by an optical encoder sensor when the speed exceeds 0.3 meters per second. The prototype was tested with ten infants, and results demonstrated its effectiveness in maintaining safety and fostering motor skills. Expert feedback affirmed the design's suitability, emphasizing the importance of technological integration in enhancing product safety. Future improvements could include additional safety features like anti-collision sensors.
References
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15. Rodgers, G. B., & Leland, E. W. (2005). An evaluation of the effectiveness of a baby walker safety standard to prevent stair-fall injuries. Journal of Safety Research, 36(4), 327–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2005.06.010
16. Sharov, A. N., Krivova, A. V., Rodionova, S. S., & Zakharov, V. P. (2018). Damage associated with the use of baby walkers. Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics, and Reconstructive Surgery, 6(4), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.17816/PTORS6448-58
17. Verma, S., Singh, R., & Pant, K. K. (2022). Comparative performance of high-density polyethylene composites: A durability analysis. Polymer Engineering & Science, 62(3), 923–934. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.25803
18. Wu, Y., Chiu, Y.-J., Deng, T.-H., & Shih, Y.-H. (2023). Design of intelligent baby walker. In Proceedings of the Conference (pp. 239–249). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0848-6_18
19. Yaghini, O., Goodarzi, M., Khoei, S., & Shirani, M. (2020). Effect of baby walker use on developmental status based on ages and stages questionnaire score (ASQ). Iranian Journal of Child Neurology, 14(1), 105–111.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Islamiyati, I., Sadiman, S., Wijayanti, Y. T., Rijanti, K. A., Panjaitan, H. R. M., Muhida, R., & Riza, M. (2024). Development of a baby walker with an integrated speed-limiting system to enhance safety and support infant motor skill development. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 7(6), 2025289. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025289

[1] Albarrak, Y. A., Algwaiz, A. F., Sharaf, A. M., Alahmari, A. A., Albadi, K. A., & Almutairi, A. M. (2021). The reasons and associated injuries related to baby walkers use among children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.17122

[2] Bezgin, K., Uzun Akkaya, S., Çelik, H. İ., Duyan Çamurdan, A., & Elbasan, B. (2021). Evaluation of the effects of using a baby walker on trunk control and motor development. Turkish Archives of Pediatrics, 56(2), 159–163. https://doi.org/10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2020.48742

[3] Casman, C., Pursitasari, I., Wijaya, A., & Helfiyanti, Y. (2021). Efek stimulasi dini menggunakan baby walker dan balance bike pada perkembangan motorik anak. Jurnal Bahana Kesehatan Masyarakat, 5(2), 72–77. https://doi.org/10.35910/jbkm.v5i2.526

[4] Chagas, P. S. C., Mancini, M. C., Tirado, M. G. A., Megale, L., & Sampaio, R. F. (2020). Effects of baby walker use on the development of gait by typically developing toddlers. Gait & Posture, 76, 231–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.12.013

[5] Dogan, D. G., Bilici, M., Yilmaz, A. E., Catal, F., & Keles, N. (2009). Baby walkers: A perspective from Turkey. Acta Paediatrica, 98(10), 1656–1660. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01397.x

[6] Fan, Z., Zhao, H., & Liang, Z. (2018). Design of smart baby carriage based on MCU. In Proceedings of the ACM International Conference (pp. 286–289). https://doi.org/10.1145/3305275.3305332

[7] Feng, Y. Q., Yin, Y., Zhang, X. R., & Xiao, J. J. (2013). Testing and evaluation of baby walkers based on product injury data. Advanced Materials Research, 834–836, 1628–1631. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.834-836.1628

[8] Grivna, M., Barss, P., Al-Hanaee, A., Al-Dhahab, F., Al-Kaabi, F., & Al-Muhairi, S. (2015). Baby walker injury awareness among grade-12 girls in a high-prevalence Arab country in the Middle East. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 27(2), NP1507–NP1516. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539513498766

[9] Indonesia Ministry of Health. (2020). Regulation of Minister of Health Republic of Indonesia No 2/2020 about standard of children anthropometry. Jakarta. Retrieved from https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/152505/permenkes-no-2-tahun-2020

[10] Lu, R. J., Feng, Y. X., Zheng, H., & Tan, J. R. (2016). A product design based on interaction design and axiomatic design theory. Procedia CIRP, 53, 125–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.07.061

[11] Melike, M., Gonca, K., & Gülbin, G. (2019). Baby walker use and child development. International Journal of Pediatric Research, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5769/1510051

[12] Nanda, I. G. P., Udayana, M. I. A., & Putu, K. S. (2023). Rancang bangun smart baby walker berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Mega. Magnetika, 7(2), 71–78.

[13] Nunes, P. P., Guimarães, C. C. A., De Oliveira, C. L. A., & De Oliveira, L. L. (2022). Baby walker use: Injuries and developmental delay behind practicality. Brazilian Journal of Development, 8(4), 27768–27776. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n4-327

[14] Remec, N., Eckersley, W., & Smith, B. A. (2023). Commentary on ‘Association between baby walker use and infant functional motor development.’ Pediatric Physical Therapy, 35(2), 242–242. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEP.0000000000001003

[15] Rodgers, G. B., & Leland, E. W. (2005). An evaluation of the effectiveness of a baby walker safety standard to prevent stair-fall injuries. Journal of Safety Research, 36(4), 327–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2005.06.010

[16] Sharov, A. N., Krivova, A. V., Rodionova, S. S., & Zakharov, V. P. (2018). Damage associated with the use of baby walkers. Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics, and Reconstructive Surgery, 6(4), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.17816/PTORS6448-58

[17] Verma, S., Singh, R., & Pant, K. K. (2022). Comparative performance of high-density polyethylene composites: A durability analysis. Polymer Engineering & Science, 62(3), 923–934. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.25803

[18] Wu, Y., Chiu, Y.-J., Deng, T.-H., & Shih, Y.-H. (2023). Design of intelligent baby walker. In Proceedings of the Conference (pp. 239–249). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0848-6_18

[19] Yaghini, O., Goodarzi, M., Khoei, S., & Shirani, M. (2020). Effect of baby walker use on developmental status based on ages and stages questionnaire score (ASQ). Iranian Journal of Child Neurology, 14(1), 105–111.

Abstract

References

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