Assessment of prevalence and pattern of comorbidities in hospitalized patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia in Western Odisha

Bishwa Ranjan Sahoo; Gurukrushna Mohapatra; Jigyansa Mohapatra; Namita Mohapatra

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2024015

Keywords:

Abstract

Diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, is one of the main global health problems and accounts for the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to its significant impacts on human life in terms of morbidity and health expenditures, diabetes has become a major public health concern worldwide. Apart from microvascular and macrovascular complications, other comorbidities found frequently in patients with diabetes are hypertension, obesity, chronic kidney disease, stroke, coronary heart disease, hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic pulmonary disease and cancer. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study to assess comorbidities in indoor patients of the Department of Medicine. All patients admitted with a history of diabetes or newly detected diabetes were identified, and relevant information was collected in a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. A total of 320 patients were assessed during the study period, of whom 52% were males and 48% were females. Most patients were in the age group of 51-60, followed by the 61-70 and 41-50 age groups. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity, followed by dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease. Approximately 42% of patients had one comorbidity, and 37% had two comorbidities simultaneously. The prevalence of comorbidities was higher and glycemic control was more compromised in those who had diabetes for a prolonged period.
References
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How to cite

Sahoo, B. R., Mohapatra, G., Mohapatra, J., & Mohapatra, N. (2023). Assessment of prevalence and pattern of comorbidities in hospitalized patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia in Western Odisha. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 6(2), 2024015. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024015

[1] Abdelbagi O, Musa IR, Musa SM et al (2021) Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adults with diabetes mellitus in northern Sudan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovascular Disorder 21:168. DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01983-x

[2] Akın S, Bölük C (2020) Prevalence of comorbidities in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Prim Care Diabetes 14:431-434. DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2019.12.006.

[3] Al Slail FY, Abid O, Assiri AM, Memish ZA, Ali MK (2016) Cardiovascular risk profiles of adults with type-2 diabetes treated at urban hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Epidemiology Global Health 6:29–36. DOI: 10.1016/j.jegh.2015.07.004

[4] Alam U, Asghar O, Azmi S, Malik RA (2014) General aspects of diabetes mellitus. Handbook of clinical neurology 126:211-22.

[5] Alotaibi A, Perry L, Gholizadeh L, Al-Ganmi A (2017) Incidence and prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia: an overview. Journal of Epidemiology Global Health 7:211–18. DOI: 10.1016/j.jegh.2017.10.001

[6] Collins AJ, Foley RN, Gilbertson DT, Chen SC (2015) United States Renal Data System public health surveillance of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Kidney international supplements 5:2–7. DOI: 10.1038/kisup.2015.2

[7] Duan JY, Duan GC, Wang CJ et al (2020) Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease and diabetic kidney disease in a central Chinese urban population: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Nephrology 21:115. DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-01761-5

[8] Einarson TR, Acs A, Ludwig C et al (2018) Prevalence of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a systematic literature review of scientific evidence from across the world in 2007–2017. Cardiovascular Diabetology 17:83. DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0728-6

[9] Feary JR, Rodrigues LC, Smith CJ, Hubbard RB, Gibson JE (2010) Prevalence of major comorbidities in subjects with COPD and incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke: a comprehensive analysis using data from primary care. Thorax 65:956–62.

[10] Geldsetzer P, Manne-Goehler J, Theilmann M, Davies JI, Awasthi A, Vollmer S, Jaacks LM, Bärnighausen T, Atun R (2018) Diabetes and Hypertension in India: A Nationally Representative Study of 1.3 Million Adults. JAMA International Medicine 178:363-372. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.8094

[11] Global Health Estimates. Disease burden by cause, age, sex, by country and by region, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016 Available in: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates Accessed on: September 2, 2022.

[12] Hashim MJ, Mustafa H, Ali H (2017) Knowledge of diabetes among patients in the United Arab Emirates and trends since 2001: a study using the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 22:742–8. DOI: 10.26719/2016.22.10.742

[13] Hayashino Y, Izumi K, Okamura S, Nishimura R, Origasa H, Tajima N JDCP study group (2017) Duration of diabetes and types of diabetes therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: The Japan Diabetes Complication and its Prevention prospective study 3 (JDCP study 3). Journal of Diabetes Investigation 8:243-249. DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12550.

[14] Iglay K, Hannachi H, Joseph Howie P, Xu J, Li X, Engel SS, Moore LM, Rajpathak S (2016) Prevalence and co-prevalence of comorbidities among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current Medical Research and Opinion 32:1243-52. DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2016.1168291

[15] International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas Eighth Edition 2017: IDF; 2017. Available in: https://diabetesatlas.org/upload/resources/previous/files/8/IDF_DA_8e-EN-final.pdf. Accessed on: September 30, 2022.

[16] Mannino DM, Thorn D, Swensen A, Holguin F (2008) Prevalence and outcomes of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease in COPD. European Respiratory Journal 32:962-9. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00012408.

[17] Nowakowska M, Zghebi SS, Ashcroft DM (2019) The comorbidity burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus: patterns, clusters and predictions from a large English primary care cohort. BMC Medical 17: 145.

[18] Oluyombo R, Olamoyegun MA, Olaifa O, Iwuala SO, Babatunde OA (2015) Cardiovascular risk factors in semiurban communities in southwest Nigeria: patterns and prevalence. Journal of Epidemiology Global Health 5:167–74. DOI: 10.1016/j.jegh.2014.07.002

[19] Onyango EM, Onyango BM (2018) The rise of noncommunicable diseases in Kenya: an examination of the time trends and contribution of the changes in diet and physical inactivity. Journal of Epidemiology Global Health 8:1–7.

[20] Pati S and F G Schellevis (2017) Prevalence and pattern of co morbidity among type2 diabetics attending urban primary healthcare centers at Bhubaneswar (India). PloS one (12) e0181661. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181661

[21] Prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Odisha higher than the national average: Study report. (2021) Available in: https://www.thestatesman.com/cities/bhubaneshwar/prevalence-non-communicable-diseases-odisha-higher-national-average-study-report-1503008477.html. Accessed on: Aug 22, 2022

[22] Ramtahal R, Khan C, Maharaj-Khan K, Nallamothu S, Hinds A, Dhanoo A et al (2015) Prevalence of self-reported sleep duration and sleep habits in type 2 diabetes patients in South Trinidad. Journal of Epidemiology Global Health 5:S35– S43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jegh.2015.05.003

[23] Sahu S, Bhuyan R, Kar D (2021) Acute Complications of Diabetes Mellitus-A Clinicians Experience. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology 25:1319-21.

[24] Sarwar N, Gao P, SRK S, Gobin R, Kaptoge S, et al (2010) The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Lancet 375:2215–22.

[25] Stojkovikj J, Zafirova-Ivanovska B, Kaeva B, Anastasova S, Angelovska I, Jovanovski S, Stojkovikj D (2016) The Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in COPD Patients with Severe and Very Severe Stage of the Disease. Open access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 4:253–258.

[26] Talukder A, Hossain, MZ (2020) Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Factors in Bangladesh: Application of Two-level Logistic Regression Model. Science Reporter 10:10237. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66084-9

[27] The Academy of Medical Sciences (2018) Multimorbidity: a priority for global health research. London: The Academy of Medical Sciences. Available in: https://acmedsci.ac.uk/file-download/82222577. Accessed on: August 15, 2022.

[28] The DECODA (2003) Study Group, Age- and Sex-Specific Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Regulation in 11 Asian Cohorts. Diabetes Care 26: 1770-1780. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.26.6.1770

[29] Vondra K, Vrbikova J, Dvorakova K (2005) Thyroid gland diseases in adult patients with diabetes mellitus. Minerva Endocrinology 30:217–36.

[30] Waeber B, Feihl F, Ruilope L (2001) Diabetes and hypertension. Blood Press 10:311–21.

[31] Zoungas S, Woodward M, Li Q et al (2014) Impact of age, age at diagnosis and duration of diabetes on the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications and death in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 57:2465–2474. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3369-7

Abstract

References

How to cite