Investigation on the impact of swimming on children with ADHD

Pradeep Marwaha; Malcolm Homavazir; Prasanna Mathad; Nidhi Sharma; Pooja Varma

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2024ss0618

Keywords:

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

children's behaviour checklist (CBCL)

additional thinking time (ATT)

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) represents a neurological condition that often affects children between the ages of two and three and twelve or thirteen and is linked with deficits in social, emotional, and cognitive development. The effectiveness of alternative therapy for this illness is mostly unknown. The possibility of using exercise as a treatment for ADHD in children has gained popularity in recent years. The study looked into how adaptive swimming affected the academic achievement, cognitive functioning, and associated behaviours in Indian children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. At the time of the study, children with ADHD ranged in age from nine to twelve. They were split up into test and control groups at random. Reading and math abilities were evaluated before and after the intervention using the hailing exam. At the same time, cognitive function was measured using the Children's Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) to evaluate ADHD-related behaviours. The outcomes showed that the experimental therapy group outperformed the control group in terms of behaviour management and academic achievement. They provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that adaptive swimming benefits brain function, behaviour, and educational outcomes. Practitioners may be able to utilize the findings of this study as early evidence in favour of alternative treatment methods. The results also support that engaging in physically active hobbies might help children with ADHD.
References
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Marwaha, P., Homavazir, M., Mathad, P., Sharma, N., & Varma, P. (2024). Investigation on the impact of swimming on children with ADHD. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 6, 2024ss0618. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024ss0618

[1] Barudin-Carreiro, A. M., Camhi, S. M., Lindsay, A. C., & Wright, J. A. (2022). Physical activity and executive function in children with ADHD: A systematic review. Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine, 7(1), e000183.

[2] Busch, I. M., Moretti, F., Purgato, M., Barbui, C., Wu, A. W., & Rimondini, M. (2020). Psychological and psychosomatic symptoms of second victims of adverse events: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Patient Safety, 16(2), e61. https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000703

[3] French, B., Quain, E., Kilgariff, J., Lockwood, J., & Daley, D. (2023). The impact of sleep difficulties in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on the family: A thematic analysis. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, jcsm-10662. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.10662

[4] Hattabi, S., Forte, P., Kukic, F., Bouden, A., Have, M., Chtourou, H., & Sortwell, A. (2022). A randomized trial of a swimming-based alternative treatment for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(23), 16238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316238

[5] Isbel, B., Lagopoulos, J., Hermens, D., Stefanidis, K., & Summers, M. J. (2020). Mindfulness improves attention resource allocation during response inhibition in older adults. Mindfulness, 11, 1500-1510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01374-6

[6] Kleeren, L., Hallemans, A., Hoskens, J., Klingels, K., Smits-Engelsman, B., & Verbecque, E. (2023). A critical view on motor-based interventions to improve motor skill performance in children with ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Attention Disorders, 27(4), 354-367. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547221146244

[7] Li, R., Liang, X., Liu, F., Zhou, Z., Zhang, Z., Lu, Y., ... & Yang, B. (2021). Mediating effect of motor competence on the relationship between physical activity and quality of life in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. BioMed Research International, 2021, 4814250. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4814250

[8] Markham, W. A., & Spencer, N. (2022). Factors that mediate the relationships between household socio-economic status and childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 17(3), e0262988. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262988

[9] Mische Lawson, L., D’Adamo, J., Campbell, K., Hermreck, B., Holz, S., Moxley, J., ... & Travis, A. (2019). A qualitative investigation of swimming experiences of children with autism spectrum disorders and their families. Clinical Medicine Insights: Pediatrics, 13, 1179556519872214. https://doi.org/10.1177/1179556519872214

[10] Munn, E. E., Ruby, L., & Pangelinan, M. M. (2021). Improvements in swim skills in children with autism spectrum disorder following a 5-day adapted learn-to-swim program (iCan Swim). Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(23), 5557. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10235557

[11] Rockne, R. C., Hawkins-Daarud, A., Swanson, K. R., Sluka, J. P., Glazier, J. A., Macklin, P., ... & Scott, J. G. (2019). The 2019 mathematical oncology roadmap. Physical Biology, 16(4), 041005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1478-3975/ab1a09

[12] Shema-Shiratzky, S., Brozgol, M., Cornejo-Thumm, P., Geva-Dayan, K., Rotstein, M., Leitner, Y., ... & Mirelman, A. (2019). Virtual reality training to enhance behavior and cognitive function among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Brief report. Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 22(6), 431-436. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518423.2018.1476602

[13] Sidol, C. A., Becker, S. P., Peugh, J. L., Lynch, J. D., Ciesielski, H. A., Zoromski, A. K., & Epstein, J. N. (2023). Examining bidirectional associations between sleep and behavior among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JCPP Advances, e12157. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12157

[14] Sun, W., Yu, M., & Zhou, X. (2022). Effects of physical exercise on attention deficit and other major symptoms in children with ADHD: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research, 311, 114509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114509

[15] Thomas, N., & Karuppali, S. (2022). The efficacy of visual activity schedule intervention in reducing problem behaviors in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder between the age of 5 and 12 years: A systematic review. Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(1), 2-10. https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.210021

[16] Wang, M., Yang, X., Yu, J., Zhu, J., Kim, H. D., & Cruz, A. (2023). Effects of physical activity on inhibitory function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1032. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021032

[17] Welsch, L., Alliott, O., Kelly, P., Fawkner, S., Booth, J., & Niven, A. (2021). The effect of physical activity interventions on executive functions in children with ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 20, 100379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100379

[18] Xin, C., Yang, L., Li, J., Hu, Y., Qian, D., Fan, S., ... & Chu, J. (2019). Conical hollow microhelices with superior swimming capabilities for targeted cargo delivery. Advanced Materials, 31(25), 1808226. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201808226

[19] Ye, Y., Ning, K., Wan, B., & Shangguan, C. (2023). The effects of the exercise intervention on fundamental movement skills in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis. Sustainability, 15(6), 5206. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065206

[20] Zhao, J., Tang, J., & Shi, X. (2021). The effect of methylphenidate hydrochloride combined with Platycladi seed extract on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a murine model. Farmácia, 69, 467-474. https://doi.org/10.31925/farmacia.2021.3.9

Abstract

References

How to cite