Design of a compact patch antenna with bandwidth and efficiency improvement for UWB applications

Firoz Ahmed; Hasnat  Kabir; Touhidul  Islam

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2023030

Keywords:

Abstract

The demand of small, lightweight and high effectiveness antennas has increased significantly with the development of communication technologies. Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are one of the most widely used types of antenna that can satisfy these requirements. MPAs have numerous benefits, including tiny size and weight, ease of fabrication, and inexpensive. In addition to these advantages, MPAs also have some drawbacks such as limited bandwidth and low efficiency. In this paper, a compact rectangular patch microstrip antenna employing hybrid technique (HT) is designed to enhance the bandwidth and efficiency and its performance is compared with that of a conventional antenna. The HT is formed by combining a slotted patch with a defected partial ground structure. A low-cost FR-4_epoxy substrate material with a dielectric constant of 4.4, a thickness of 0.8 mm and a loss tangent of 0.02 is used to make both antennas designed. The antennas are designed, analyzed and simulated at the operating frequency of 6.85 GHz for ultra-wideband (UWB) (3.1-10.6GHz) applications using high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 30 mm × 20 mm × 0.8 mm. A 50 Ω microstrip feedline is used to excite the patch. The outcomes of the simulation reveal that the suggested and conventional antennas achieved a bandwidth of 19.7 GHz and 2.53 GHz with an efficiency of 95.779% and 92.296% respectively. The recommended antenna has boosted in bandwidth and efficiency by 17.17 GHz (137.24%) and 3.483% respectively as compared to the traditional antenna.
References
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2. Al-Bawri SS, Hwang Goh H, Islam MS, Wong HY, Jamlos MF, Narbudowicz A, Jusoh M, Sabapathy T, Khan R, Islam MT (2020) Compact ultra-wideband monopole antenna loaded with metamaterial. Sensors 20:796.
3. Anum K, Singh MS, Mishra R, Tripathi GS (2018) Bandwidth enhancement of a microstrip patch antenna for ultra-wideband applications. In AIP Conference Proceedings 1952: 020053.
4. Balanis CA (2005) Antenna theory: analysis and design. A John Wiley & sons, New York.
5. Bao XL, Ammann MJ (2007) Printed band-rejection UWB antenna with H-shaped slot. In 2007 International workshop on Antenna Technology: Small and Smart Antennas Metamaterials and Applications, Cambridge, UK, 319-322.
6. Baudha S, Basak A, Manocha M, Yadav MV (2020) A compact planar antenna with extended patch and truncated ground plane for ultra wide band application. Microwave and optical technology letters 62:200-209.
7. Baudha S, Yadav MV (2019) A novel design of a planar antenna with modified patch and defective ground plane for ultra-wideband applications. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 61:1320-1327.
8. Baudha S, Yadav MV, Bansal, Y (2020) A compact slot antenna for ultra-wideband applications. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 79.
9. Belekar VM, Mukherji P, Pote M (2017) Improved microstrip patch antenna with enhanced bandwidth, efficiency and reduced return loss using DGS. In 2017 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET), Chennai, India, 2471-2474.
10. Chandrappa DN, Ambresh PA, Vani RM, Hunagund PV (2014) Multi-slots reconﬁgurable microstrip antenna with capacitive loading technique. International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering 2:2633–2636.
11. Chattopadhyay S, Biswas M, Siddiqui J Y, Guha D (2007) CAD of mechanically tunable rectangular microstrip patch with variable aspect ratio. In 2007 IEEE Applied Electromagnetics Conference (AEMC) Kolkata, India, 1-3.
12. Choukiker YK, Sharma SK, Behera SK (2013) Hybrid fractal shape planar monopole antenna covering multiband wireless communications with MIMO implementation for handheld mobile devices. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 62:1483-1488.
13. Darboe O, Konditi DBO, Manene F (2019) Enhancement of bandwidth, efficiency and miniaturization of microstrip patch antenna using split ring resonator metamaterial. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 8: 2293-2287.
14. Darweesh AF, Yetkin GO (2018) Enhancement of the gain and the bandwidth of a UWB microstrip patch antenna using metamaterials. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7: 380-385.
15. Felippa CA (2004) Introduction to finite element methods. University of Colorado, Boulder.
16. Gopi D, Vadaboyina AR, Dabbakuti JRK (2021) DGS based monopole circular-shaped patch antenna for UWB applications. SN Applied Sciences 3:1-12.
17. Hakeem M J, Nahas MM (2021) Improving the Performance of a microstrip antenna by adding a slot into different patch designs. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 11:7469-7476.
18. Hammache B, Messai A, Messaoudene I, Denidni TA (2022) Compact stepped slot antenna for ultra-wideband applications. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 14:609-615.
19. Hammache B, Messai A, Messaoudene I, Denidni TA (2020) Compact ultra-wideband slot antenna with three notched-band characteristics. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 30:e22146.
20. Hanumante V, Roy S (2013) Comparative study of microstrip patch antenna using different dielectric materials. In 9th International Conference on Microwaves, Antenna, Propagation and Remote Sensing (ICMARS-2013) 56-60.
21. Liang J (2006) Antenna study and design for ultra wideband communication applications (Doctoral dissertation, University of London).
22. Malik TUI (2020) Design & simulation of rectangular microstrip patch antenna for UWB applications. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology 8: 1-5.
23. Milligan TA (1985) Modern Antenna Design. McGraw-Hill, New York.
24. Mohammed Sabidha Banu N, Ramkumar Prabhu M, Sasikala UT (2015) Design a square microstrip patch antenna for S-band application. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering 10:24-30.
25. Nahas MM, Nahas M (2019) Bandwidth and efficiency enhancement of rectangular patch antenna for SHF applications. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9:4962-4967.
26. Odeyemi KO, Akande DO, Ogunti EO (2011) Matlab based teaching tools for microstrip patch antenna design. Journal of telecommunication 7:27-33.
27. Okoro NC, Oborkhale LI (2021) Design and simulation of rectangular microstrip patch antenna for X-Band application. Global Journal of Research in Engineering.
28. Patil V P (2012) Enhancement of bandwidth of rectangular patch antenna using two square slots techniques. International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Emerging Technologies 3:1-12.
29. Patir B (2015) A review on various techniques of microstrip patch antenna designs for wireless application. International Journal of Computer Applications 1:15-17.
30. Rama SR, Vakula D (2014) Compact multiband patch antenna with fractal defective ground structure for wireless applications. In 2014 IEEE International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC), Bangalore, India, 360-363.
31. Satam V, Nema S (2015) Defected ground structure planar dual element MIMO antenna for wireless and short range RADAR application. In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Informatics, Communication and Energy Systems (SPICES), Kozhikode, India, 1-5.
32. Satyanarayana R, Shankaraiah, N (2018) Performance enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch antenna using multiple DGS technique. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 13:3867-3880.
33. Sharma A, Singh G (2008) Design of single pin shorted three-dielectric-layered substrates rectangular patch microstrip antenna for communication systems. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 2:157-165.
34. Singh I, Tripathi VS (2011) Micro strip patch antenna and its applications: a survey. Int. J. Comp. Tech. Appl. 2:1595-1599.
35. Singh SK, Sharan T, Singh AK (2019) A Compact multiband rectangular microstrip antenna for UWB applications. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 594: 012028.
36. Subitha D, Chandra I, Raja A (2021) Design and analysis of circular microstrip patch antenna with SRR on modified and defected ground structures for UWB applications. Materials Today: Proceedings.
37. Subitha D, Velmurugan S, Balasubramani S (2022) Slotted square microstrip patch antenna for 5g communication at 28 GHz with improved bandwidth and gain. In AIP Conference Proceedings 2405: 040017.
38. Thorat P, Chandgude P, Wagh P, Prabat R (2020) Design of microstrip UWB antenna for wireless application. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology 9: 989-991.
39. Upadhyay D, Dwivedi RP (2014) Antenna miniaturization techniques for wireless applications. In 2014 Eleventh International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN), Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India, 1-4.
40. Vijayalakshmi J, Murugesan G (2019) A miniaturized high-gain (MHG) ultra-wideband unidirectional monopole antenna for UWB applications. Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28:1950230.
41. Yadav MV, Baudha S (2020) A compact mace shaped ground plane modified circular patch antenna for ultra-wideband applications. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 79.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Ahmed, F., Kabir, H., & Islam, T. (2023). Design of a compact patch antenna with bandwidth and efficiency improvement for UWB applications. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 5(4), 2023030. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2023030

[1] Ahmed MF, Touhidul Islam AZM, Kabir MH (2021) Improvement of bandwidth and gain rectangular patch antenna for UWB applications. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering 10: 2101-2109.

[2] Al-Bawri SS, Hwang Goh H, Islam MS, Wong HY, Jamlos MF, Narbudowicz A, Jusoh M, Sabapathy T, Khan R, Islam MT (2020) Compact ultra-wideband monopole antenna loaded with metamaterial. Sensors 20:796.

[3] Anum K, Singh MS, Mishra R, Tripathi GS (2018) Bandwidth enhancement of a microstrip patch antenna for ultra-wideband applications. In AIP Conference Proceedings 1952: 020053.

[4] Balanis CA (2005) Antenna theory: analysis and design. A John Wiley & sons, New York.

[5] Bao XL, Ammann MJ (2007) Printed band-rejection UWB antenna with H-shaped slot. In 2007 International workshop on Antenna Technology: Small and Smart Antennas Metamaterials and Applications, Cambridge, UK, 319-322.

[6] Baudha S, Basak A, Manocha M, Yadav MV (2020) A compact planar antenna with extended patch and truncated ground plane for ultra wide band application. Microwave and optical technology letters 62:200-209.

[7] Baudha S, Yadav MV (2019) A novel design of a planar antenna with modified patch and defective ground plane for ultra-wideband applications. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 61:1320-1327.

[8] Baudha S, Yadav MV, Bansal, Y (2020) A compact slot antenna for ultra-wideband applications. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 79.

[9] Belekar VM, Mukherji P, Pote M (2017) Improved microstrip patch antenna with enhanced bandwidth, efficiency and reduced return loss using DGS. In 2017 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET), Chennai, India, 2471-2474.

[10] Chandrappa DN, Ambresh PA, Vani RM, Hunagund PV (2014) Multi-slots reconﬁgurable microstrip antenna with capacitive loading technique. International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering 2:2633–2636.

[11] Chattopadhyay S, Biswas M, Siddiqui J Y, Guha D (2007) CAD of mechanically tunable rectangular microstrip patch with variable aspect ratio. In 2007 IEEE Applied Electromagnetics Conference (AEMC) Kolkata, India, 1-3.

[12] Choukiker YK, Sharma SK, Behera SK (2013) Hybrid fractal shape planar monopole antenna covering multiband wireless communications with MIMO implementation for handheld mobile devices. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 62:1483-1488.

[13] Darboe O, Konditi DBO, Manene F (2019) Enhancement of bandwidth, efficiency and miniaturization of microstrip patch antenna using split ring resonator metamaterial. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 8: 2293-2287.

[14] Darweesh AF, Yetkin GO (2018) Enhancement of the gain and the bandwidth of a UWB microstrip patch antenna using metamaterials. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7: 380-385.

[15] Felippa CA (2004) Introduction to finite element methods. University of Colorado, Boulder.

[16] Gopi D, Vadaboyina AR, Dabbakuti JRK (2021) DGS based monopole circular-shaped patch antenna for UWB applications. SN Applied Sciences 3:1-12.

[17] Hakeem M J, Nahas MM (2021) Improving the Performance of a microstrip antenna by adding a slot into different patch designs. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 11:7469-7476.

[18] Hammache B, Messai A, Messaoudene I, Denidni TA (2022) Compact stepped slot antenna for ultra-wideband applications. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 14:609-615.

[19] Hammache B, Messai A, Messaoudene I, Denidni TA (2020) Compact ultra-wideband slot antenna with three notched-band characteristics. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 30:e22146.

[20] Hanumante V, Roy S (2013) Comparative study of microstrip patch antenna using different dielectric materials. In 9th International Conference on Microwaves, Antenna, Propagation and Remote Sensing (ICMARS-2013) 56-60.

[21] Liang J (2006) Antenna study and design for ultra wideband communication applications (Doctoral dissertation, University of London).

[22] Malik TUI (2020) Design & simulation of rectangular microstrip patch antenna for UWB applications. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology 8: 1-5.

[23] Milligan TA (1985) Modern Antenna Design. McGraw-Hill, New York.

[24] Mohammed Sabidha Banu N, Ramkumar Prabhu M, Sasikala UT (2015) Design a square microstrip patch antenna for S-band application. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering 10:24-30.

[25] Nahas MM, Nahas M (2019) Bandwidth and efficiency enhancement of rectangular patch antenna for SHF applications. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9:4962-4967.

[26] Odeyemi KO, Akande DO, Ogunti EO (2011) Matlab based teaching tools for microstrip patch antenna design. Journal of telecommunication 7:27-33.

[27] Okoro NC, Oborkhale LI (2021) Design and simulation of rectangular microstrip patch antenna for X-Band application. Global Journal of Research in Engineering.

[28] Patil V P (2012) Enhancement of bandwidth of rectangular patch antenna using two square slots techniques. International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Emerging Technologies 3:1-12.

[29] Patir B (2015) A review on various techniques of microstrip patch antenna designs for wireless application. International Journal of Computer Applications 1:15-17.

[30] Rama SR, Vakula D (2014) Compact multiband patch antenna with fractal defective ground structure for wireless applications. In 2014 IEEE International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC), Bangalore, India, 360-363.

[31] Satam V, Nema S (2015) Defected ground structure planar dual element MIMO antenna for wireless and short range RADAR application. In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Informatics, Communication and Energy Systems (SPICES), Kozhikode, India, 1-5.

[32] Satyanarayana R, Shankaraiah, N (2018) Performance enhancement of rectangular microstrip patch antenna using multiple DGS technique. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 13:3867-3880.

[33] Sharma A, Singh G (2008) Design of single pin shorted three-dielectric-layered substrates rectangular patch microstrip antenna for communication systems. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 2:157-165.

[34] Singh I, Tripathi VS (2011) Micro strip patch antenna and its applications: a survey. Int. J. Comp. Tech. Appl. 2:1595-1599.

[35] Singh SK, Sharan T, Singh AK (2019) A Compact multiband rectangular microstrip antenna for UWB applications. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 594: 012028.

[36] Subitha D, Chandra I, Raja A (2021) Design and analysis of circular microstrip patch antenna with SRR on modified and defected ground structures for UWB applications. Materials Today: Proceedings.

[37] Subitha D, Velmurugan S, Balasubramani S (2022) Slotted square microstrip patch antenna for 5g communication at 28 GHz with improved bandwidth and gain. In AIP Conference Proceedings 2405: 040017.

[38] Thorat P, Chandgude P, Wagh P, Prabat R (2020) Design of microstrip UWB antenna for wireless application. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology 9: 989-991.

[39] Upadhyay D, Dwivedi RP (2014) Antenna miniaturization techniques for wireless applications. In 2014 Eleventh International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN), Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India, 1-4.

[40] Vijayalakshmi J, Murugesan G (2019) A miniaturized high-gain (MHG) ultra-wideband unidirectional monopole antenna for UWB applications. Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28:1950230.

[41] Yadav MV, Baudha S (2020) A compact mace shaped ground plane modified circular patch antenna for ultra-wideband applications. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 79.

Abstract

References

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