Optimizing nutritional value and biological profile of non-conventional forages for animal feeding by utilizing sodium hydroxide

Abdulrahman Ibrahim; Cristiana Maduro-Dias; Hawar Halshoy; Alfredo Borba; Helder Nunes

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2024235

Keywords:

in vitro digestibility

Abstract

Increasing quality and decreasing quantity represent global trends in the forage processing for animal feed. Consequently, various techniques are applied to achieve these objectives. This study aims to evaluate the internal quality and biological attributes of leaves in animal reproduction by applying sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations (control, 2, 4, 6, and 8%) and utilizing leaves from four non-conventional plants, namely Hedychium gardnerianum (HG), Pittosporum undulatum (PU), Arundo donax (AD), and Acacia melanoxylon (AM), while also examining their interactions simultaneously. NaOH doses did not affect the organic matter digestibility. A 2% NaOH concentration positively affected both acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre. Notably, 6% NaOH significantly impacted dry matter, while ash content and dry matter digestibility peaked under treatment with 8% NaOH. The Arundo donax variety recorded the best values in ash and organic matter digestibility, while the leaves of Acacia melanoxylon significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced dry matter, acid detergent fibre, acid detergent lignin, and crude protein. The co-application of 2% NaOH with plant varieties demonstrated the most significant effectiveness on the observed characteristics, followed by 4% NaOH showing a subsequent impact. The findings of this study propose that utilizing NaOH concentrations with these plants represents a promising approach for including these forages in animal feeds.
References
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2. Al-Khateeb, M. (2015). Using some lignolytic microorganisms--sms to improve the nutritional value of low-quality roughages. College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad (Ms. C. Thesis).
3. Al-Snafi, A. E. (2015). The constituents and biological effects of Arundo donax-A review. International Journal of Phytopharmacy Research, 6(1), 34-40.
4. Alexander, R., and McGowan, M. (1966). The routine determination of in vitro digestibility of organic matter in forages‐an investigation of the problems associated with continuous large‐scale operation. Grass and forage science, 21(2), 140-147.
5. Borba, J., Dias, C. M., Rosa, H., Vouzela, C., Rego, O., and Borba, A. (2015). Nutritional valorization of ginger lily forage (Hedychium gardnerianum, Sheppard ex Ker-Gawl) for animal feeding: Treatment with urea. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(50), 4606-4615.
6. Borba, J. P. R. (2015). Valorização Nutritiva na Fibra Para a Alimentação Animal: Tratamento com Ureia Universidade dos Acores (Portugal)].
7. Chaudhry, A. (1998). Nutrient composition, digestion and rumen fermentation in sheep of wheat straw treated with calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide and alkaline hydrogen peroxide. Animal feed science and technology, 74(4), 315-328.
8. Connor, E. (2015). Invited review: Improving feed efficiency in dairy production: Challenges and possibilities. Animal, 9(3), 395-408.
9. de Carvalho, T., Carvalho, L., de Oliveira, R., de Sousa, F., de Sousa, R., and Marques, J. (2016). Assessment of effect of chemical treatment to carnauba's fibers straw.
10. Dias, C.S.A.M.M.; Nunes, H.P.B.; Borba, A.E.S. Influence of the Physical Properties of Samples in the Use of NIRS to Predict the Chemical Composition and Gas Production Kinetic Parameters of Corn and Grass Silages. Fermentation 2023, 9, 418.
11. Giridhar, K., and Samireddypalle, A. (2015). Impact of climate change on forage availability for livestock. Climate change impact on livestock: adaptation and mitigation, 97-112.
12. Goering, H. K., and Van Soest, P. J. (1970). Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). US Agricultural Research Service.
13. Granzin, B., and Dryden, G. M. (2003). Effects of alkalis, oxidants and urea on the nutritive value of rhodes grass (Chloris gayana cv. Callide). Animal feed science and technology, 103(1-4), 113-122.
14. Jami, E., Shterzer, N., Yosef, E., Nikbachat, M., Miron, J., and Mizrahi, I. (2014). Effects of including NaOH-treated corn straw as a substitute for wheat hay in the ration of lactating cows on performance, digestibility, and rumen microbial profile. Journal of dairy Science, 97(3), 1623-1633.
15. Liu, K. (2011). Chemical composition of distillers grains, a review. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 59(5), 1508-1526.
16. Maduro Dias, C. S., Nunes, H., Vouzela, C., Madruga, J., and Borba, A. (2023). In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Kinetics Determination and Nutritional Evaluation of Several Non-Conventional Plants with Potential for Ruminant Feeding. Fermentation, 9(5), 416.
17. Maleko, D., Msalya, G., Mwilawa, A., Pasape, L., and Mtei, K. (2018). Smallholder dairy cattle feeding technologies and practices in Tanzania: failures, successes, challenges and prospects for sustainability. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 16(2), 201-213.
18. Mancini, G., Papirio, S., Riccardelli, G., Lens, P. N., and Esposito, G. (2018). Trace elements dosing and alkaline pretreatment in the anaerobic digestion of rice straw. Bioresource Technology, 247, 897-903.
19. Mohamed, N., Slaski, J. J., Shwaluk, C., and House, J. D. (2023). Chemical Characterization of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)-Derived Products and Potential for Animal Feed. ACS Food Science and Technology.
20. Moore, K. J., and Jung, H.-J. G. (2001). Lignin and fiber digestion.
21. Nunes, H.P.B., Teixeira, S., Maduro Dias, C.S.A.M., Borba, A.E.S. (2022) Alternative Forages as Roughage for Ruminant: Nutritional Characteristics and Digestibility of Six Exotic Plants in Azores Archipelago. Animals, 12, 3587.
22. Nunes, H., Faheem, M., Dinis, M., Borba, A., and Moreira da Silva, F. (2017). Effect of feed with Pittosporum undulatum in vivo on bovine progesterone levels and embryos produced in vitro. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 97(1), 14-18.
23. Nunes, H.P.B., Maduro Dias, C.S.A.M., Vouzela, C.M., Borba, A.E.S. (2023). Seasonal Effect of Grass Nutritional Value on Enteric Methane Emission in Islands Pasture Systems. Animals, 13, 2766.
24. Pedro, S. I., Antunes, C. A., Horta, C., Pitacas, I., Gonçalves, J., Gominho, J., Gallardo, E., and Anjos, O. (2023). Characterization of Mineral Composition and Nutritional Value of Acacia Green Pods. Plants, 12(9), 1853.
25. Pereira Filho, J. M., Vieira, E. d. L., Silva, A. M. d. A., Cezar, M. F., and Amorim, F. U. (2003). Efeito do tratamento com hidróxido de sódio sobre a fração fibrosa, digestibilidade e tanino do feno de jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora. Wild). Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 32, 70-76.
26. Pires, A. J. V., Garcia, R., Souza, A. L. d., Silva, F. F. d., Veloso, C. M., Cardoso, G. C., Oliveira, T. N. d., and Silva, P. A. (2003). Avaliação do consumo de silagens de sorgo tratadas com amônia anidra e, ou, sulfeto de sódio na alimentação de novilhas ¾ Indubrazil/Holandês. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 32, 1525-1531.
27. Rocha, S. F. L. (2017). Valorização nutritiva da fibra de conteira (Hedychium gardnerianum, Sheppard ex Ker-Gawl) na alimentação animal
28. Rollini, M., and Manzoni, M. (2012). Sodium hydroxide pretreatment of ensiled sorghum forage and wheat straw to increase methane production. Water Science and Technology, 66(11), 2447-2452.
29. Tilley, J., and Terry, d. R. (1963). A two‐stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass and forage science, 18(2), 104-111.
30. Wales, W., and Kolver, E. (2017). Challenges of feeding dairy cows in Australia and New Zealand. Animal Production Science, 57(7), 1366-1383.
31. Wang, Y., McAllister, T., Rode, L., Beauchemin, K., Morgavi, D., Nsereko, V., Iwaasa, A., and Yang, W. (2002). Effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on epiphytic microbial populations and in vitro digestion of silage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 82(7), 760-768.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Ibrahim, A., Maduro-Dias, C., Halshoy, H., Borba, A., & Nunes, H. (2024). Optimizing nutritional value and biological profile of non-conventional forages for animal feeding by utilizing sodium hydroxide. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 6(11), 2024235. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024235

[1] Abe, M. M., Martins, J. R., Sanvezzo, P. B., Macedo, J. V., Branciforti, M. C., Halley, P., Botaro, V. R., and Brienzo, M. (2021). Advantages and disadvantages of bioplastics production from starch and lignocellulosic components. Polymers, 13(15), 2484.

[2] Al-Khateeb, M. (2015). Using some lignolytic microorganisms--sms to improve the nutritional value of low-quality roughages. College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad (Ms. C. Thesis).

[3] Al-Snafi, A. E. (2015). The constituents and biological effects of Arundo donax-A review. International Journal of Phytopharmacy Research, 6(1), 34-40.

[4] Alexander, R., and McGowan, M. (1966). The routine determination of in vitro digestibility of organic matter in forages‐an investigation of the problems associated with continuous large‐scale operation. Grass and forage science, 21(2), 140-147.

[5] Borba, J., Dias, C. M., Rosa, H., Vouzela, C., Rego, O., and Borba, A. (2015). Nutritional valorization of ginger lily forage (Hedychium gardnerianum, Sheppard ex Ker-Gawl) for animal feeding: Treatment with urea. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(50), 4606-4615.

[6] Borba, J. P. R. (2015). Valorização Nutritiva na Fibra Para a Alimentação Animal: Tratamento com Ureia Universidade dos Acores (Portugal)].

[7] Chaudhry, A. (1998). Nutrient composition, digestion and rumen fermentation in sheep of wheat straw treated with calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide and alkaline hydrogen peroxide. Animal feed science and technology, 74(4), 315-328.

[8] Connor, E. (2015). Invited review: Improving feed efficiency in dairy production: Challenges and possibilities. Animal, 9(3), 395-408.

[9] de Carvalho, T., Carvalho, L., de Oliveira, R., de Sousa, F., de Sousa, R., and Marques, J. (2016). Assessment of effect of chemical treatment to carnauba's fibers straw.

[10] Dias, C.S.A.M.M.; Nunes, H.P.B.; Borba, A.E.S. Influence of the Physical Properties of Samples in the Use of NIRS to Predict the Chemical Composition and Gas Production Kinetic Parameters of Corn and Grass Silages. Fermentation 2023, 9, 418.

[11] Giridhar, K., and Samireddypalle, A. (2015). Impact of climate change on forage availability for livestock. Climate change impact on livestock: adaptation and mitigation, 97-112.

[12] Goering, H. K., and Van Soest, P. J. (1970). Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). US Agricultural Research Service.

[13] Granzin, B., and Dryden, G. M. (2003). Effects of alkalis, oxidants and urea on the nutritive value of rhodes grass (Chloris gayana cv. Callide). Animal feed science and technology, 103(1-4), 113-122.

[14] Jami, E., Shterzer, N., Yosef, E., Nikbachat, M., Miron, J., and Mizrahi, I. (2014). Effects of including NaOH-treated corn straw as a substitute for wheat hay in the ration of lactating cows on performance, digestibility, and rumen microbial profile. Journal of dairy Science, 97(3), 1623-1633.

[15] Liu, K. (2011). Chemical composition of distillers grains, a review. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 59(5), 1508-1526.

[16] Maduro Dias, C. S., Nunes, H., Vouzela, C., Madruga, J., and Borba, A. (2023). In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Kinetics Determination and Nutritional Evaluation of Several Non-Conventional Plants with Potential for Ruminant Feeding. Fermentation, 9(5), 416.

[17] Maleko, D., Msalya, G., Mwilawa, A., Pasape, L., and Mtei, K. (2018). Smallholder dairy cattle feeding technologies and practices in Tanzania: failures, successes, challenges and prospects for sustainability. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 16(2), 201-213.

[18] Mancini, G., Papirio, S., Riccardelli, G., Lens, P. N., and Esposito, G. (2018). Trace elements dosing and alkaline pretreatment in the anaerobic digestion of rice straw. Bioresource Technology, 247, 897-903.

[19] Mohamed, N., Slaski, J. J., Shwaluk, C., and House, J. D. (2023). Chemical Characterization of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)-Derived Products and Potential for Animal Feed. ACS Food Science and Technology.

[20] Moore, K. J., and Jung, H.-J. G. (2001). Lignin and fiber digestion.

[21] Nunes, H.P.B., Teixeira, S., Maduro Dias, C.S.A.M., Borba, A.E.S. (2022) Alternative Forages as Roughage for Ruminant: Nutritional Characteristics and Digestibility of Six Exotic Plants in Azores Archipelago. Animals, 12, 3587.

[22] Nunes, H., Faheem, M., Dinis, M., Borba, A., and Moreira da Silva, F. (2017). Effect of feed with Pittosporum undulatum in vivo on bovine progesterone levels and embryos produced in vitro. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 97(1), 14-18.

[23] Nunes, H.P.B., Maduro Dias, C.S.A.M., Vouzela, C.M., Borba, A.E.S. (2023). Seasonal Effect of Grass Nutritional Value on Enteric Methane Emission in Islands Pasture Systems. Animals, 13, 2766.

[24] Pedro, S. I., Antunes, C. A., Horta, C., Pitacas, I., Gonçalves, J., Gominho, J., Gallardo, E., and Anjos, O. (2023). Characterization of Mineral Composition and Nutritional Value of Acacia Green Pods. Plants, 12(9), 1853.

[25] Pereira Filho, J. M., Vieira, E. d. L., Silva, A. M. d. A., Cezar, M. F., and Amorim, F. U. (2003). Efeito do tratamento com hidróxido de sódio sobre a fração fibrosa, digestibilidade e tanino do feno de jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora. Wild). Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 32, 70-76.

[26] Pires, A. J. V., Garcia, R., Souza, A. L. d., Silva, F. F. d., Veloso, C. M., Cardoso, G. C., Oliveira, T. N. d., and Silva, P. A. (2003). Avaliação do consumo de silagens de sorgo tratadas com amônia anidra e, ou, sulfeto de sódio na alimentação de novilhas ¾ Indubrazil/Holandês. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 32, 1525-1531.

[27] Rocha, S. F. L. (2017). Valorização nutritiva da fibra de conteira (Hedychium gardnerianum, Sheppard ex Ker-Gawl) na alimentação animal

[28] Rollini, M., and Manzoni, M. (2012). Sodium hydroxide pretreatment of ensiled sorghum forage and wheat straw to increase methane production. Water Science and Technology, 66(11), 2447-2452.

[29] Tilley, J., and Terry, d. R. (1963). A two‐stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass and forage science, 18(2), 104-111.

[30] Wales, W., and Kolver, E. (2017). Challenges of feeding dairy cows in Australia and New Zealand. Animal Production Science, 57(7), 1366-1383.

[31] Wang, Y., McAllister, T., Rode, L., Beauchemin, K., Morgavi, D., Nsereko, V., Iwaasa, A., and Yang, W. (2002). Effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on epiphytic microbial populations and in vitro digestion of silage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 82(7), 760-768.

Abstract

References

How to cite