Therapeutic management of milk fever with retained placenta in Holstein Friesians cow in a private dairy farm at Sheikhupura, Punjab-Pakistan

Yadullah Baqir; Asfa Sakhawat; Adnan Yousaf; Rida Tabbasum; Tayyba Awais; Sindhu Baloch; Asghar Subhani; Faiza Rubab; Shah Jahan Musakhail; Rehana Shahnawaz; Abdul Latif Bhutto; Inayatullah Sarki; Mamoona Arshad

doi:10.29327/multiscience.2021015

Keywords:

calcium borogluconate

Holstein Friesian cow

Punjab

twin calves

Abstract

Milk fever is a condition in which an animal's body fails to maintain calcium homeostasis as a result of an increase in calcium demand during pregnancy or lactation. The clinical care of probable milk fever with the retained placenta in a Friesian cow following twin calves was described in this case. The principal complaint of a four-year-old Holstein Friesian cow weighing 450 kg was weakness and inability to stand a day after the birth of two calves. The cow was found to be in sternal recumbency and unable to stand, with the placenta hanging from the vulva region. The cow's vital signs were all normal, but she had a weak heartbeat. Milk fever, downers' cow syndrome, and hypophosphatemia were the differential diagnosis at the time. Based on the history of parturition of two calves and thus hypocalcemia, the cow was diagnosed with probable milk fever. Flunixin meglumine 1.1 mg/kg was given intravenously to the cow as an anti-inflammatory, anti-pyrexia, and analgesic. Then, as a calcium supply, 500 mL of calcium borogluconate (23%) was slowly supplied intravenously at a rate of 1 drop/second. After 10 minutes, the cow responded to the treatment. In addition, the retained placenta was irrigated with 0.9% normal saline lavaged into the uterus. As a last lavage, 20 mL of oxytetracycline (20 mg/kg) was injected into the uterine body. Finally, to avoid additional bacterial infections, a broad range long-acting oxytetracycline (20 mg/kg) antibiotic was given intramuscularly once. During the treatment of milk fever, the major focus should be on therapeutic treatment to restore the calcium level in the blood.
References
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2. Bhanugopan MS, Lievaart J (2014) Survey on the occurrence of milk fever in dairy cows and the current preventive strategies adopted by farmers in New South Wales, Australia. Aust. Vet. J. 92:200-205.
3. Cecilia K (2011) Minerals to Dairy Cows with Focus on Calcium and Magnesium Balance. Doctoral Thesis Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala.
4. Chapinal N, Carson M, Duffield TF, Capel M, Godden S, Overton M, Santos JE, LeBlanc SJ, (2011) The association with serum metabolites with clinical disease during the transition period. J. Dairy. Sci. 94:4897-4903.
5. DeGaris PJ, Lean IJ (2008) Milk fever in dairy cows: a review of pathophysiology and control principles. Vet. J. 176:58-69.
6. Finbar M, Luke OG, Desmond R, Michael D (2006) Production diseases of the transition cow: Milk fever and subclinical hypocalcemia. Irish Veterinary Journal 59:697-702.
7. Gammon D (2014) Milk fever prevention: a clinical review of current prevention strategies. Livestock 19142-146.
8. Goff JP (2008) The monitoring, prevention, and treatment of milk fever and subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows. Vet. J. 176:50-57.
9. Greg B, Rick V, John F.S (1998) Controlling Milk Fever and Hypocalcemia in Dairy Cattle: Use of Dietary Cation Anion Difference (DCAD) in Formulating Dry Cow Rations. Technical Report of Extension Dairy Specialist, 1998, Kansas State University.
10. Khan A, Mushtaq MH, Khan AW, Chaudhry M, Hussain A (2015) Descriptive epidemiology and seasonal variation in prevalence of milk fever in KPK (Pakistan). Global Veterinarian 14:472-477.
11. Miltenburg CL, Duffield TF, Bienzle D, Scholtz EL, and LeBlanc SJ (2016) Randomozed clinical trial of a calcium supplement for improvement of health in dairy cows in early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 16:31-37.
12. Mulligan FJ, Grady LO, Rice DA, Doherty ML (2006) A herd health approach to dairy cow nutrition and production diseases of the transition cow. Animal Reproduction Science 96:331-353.
13. National Research Council (NRC) (2001) Subcommittee on dairy cattle nutrition. In nutrient requirements of dairy cattle, 7th Eds. National academy press, Washington DC.
14. Oetzel GR (1988) Parturient paresis and hypocalcemia in ruminant livestock. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 4:351-364.
15. Roberts T, Chapinal N, LeBlanc SJ, Kelton DF, Dubuc J, Duffield TF (2012) Metabolic parameters in transition cows as indicators for early lactation culling risk. J. Dairy Sci. 95:3057-3063.
16. Reinhardt TA, Lippolis JD, McCluskey BJ, Goff JP, Horst RL (2011) Prevalence of subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy herds. Vet. J. 188:122- 124.
17. Wal RC (1983) Daniel, Motility of the rumen and abomasum during hypocalcemia. Can. J. Comp. Med. 47:276.
18. Wubishet F, Dechassa T, Nejash A, Wahid MA (2016) Milk Fever and its Economic Consequences in Dairy Cows: A Review. Global Veterinaria 16:441-452.
19. Zebeli Q, Beitz DC, Bradford BJ, Dunn SM, Ametaj BN (2013) Peripartial alterations of calcitonin gene-related peptide and minerals in dairy cows affected by milk fever. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 42:70-77.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Baqir, Y., Sakhawat, A., Yousaf, A., Tabbasum, R., Awais, T., Baloch, S., Subhani, A., Rubab, F., Musakhail, S. J., Shahnawaz, R., Bhutto, A. L., Sarki, I., & Arshad, M. (2021). Therapeutic management of milk fever with retained placenta in Holstein Friesians cow in a private dairy farm at Sheikhupura, Punjab-Pakistan. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 3(3), 2021015. https://doi.org/10.29327/multiscience.2021015

[1] Adams R, Ishler V, Moore D (1996) Trouble-shooting milk fever and downer cow problems. DAS. IVEF 216:1-7.

[2] Bhanugopan MS, Lievaart J (2014) Survey on the occurrence of milk fever in dairy cows and the current preventive strategies adopted by farmers in New South Wales, Australia. Aust. Vet. J. 92:200-205.

[3] Cecilia K (2011) Minerals to Dairy Cows with Focus on Calcium and Magnesium Balance. Doctoral Thesis Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala.

[4] Chapinal N, Carson M, Duffield TF, Capel M, Godden S, Overton M, Santos JE, LeBlanc SJ, (2011) The association with serum metabolites with clinical disease during the transition period. J. Dairy. Sci. 94:4897-4903.

[5] DeGaris PJ, Lean IJ (2008) Milk fever in dairy cows: a review of pathophysiology and control principles. Vet. J. 176:58-69.

[6] Finbar M, Luke OG, Desmond R, Michael D (2006) Production diseases of the transition cow: Milk fever and subclinical hypocalcemia. Irish Veterinary Journal 59:697-702.

[7] Gammon D (2014) Milk fever prevention: a clinical review of current prevention strategies. Livestock 19142-146.

[8] Goff JP (2008) The monitoring, prevention, and treatment of milk fever and subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows. Vet. J. 176:50-57.

[9] Greg B, Rick V, John F.S (1998) Controlling Milk Fever and Hypocalcemia in Dairy Cattle: Use of Dietary Cation Anion Difference (DCAD) in Formulating Dry Cow Rations. Technical Report of Extension Dairy Specialist, 1998, Kansas State University.

[10] Khan A, Mushtaq MH, Khan AW, Chaudhry M, Hussain A (2015) Descriptive epidemiology and seasonal variation in prevalence of milk fever in KPK (Pakistan). Global Veterinarian 14:472-477.

[11] Miltenburg CL, Duffield TF, Bienzle D, Scholtz EL, and LeBlanc SJ (2016) Randomozed clinical trial of a calcium supplement for improvement of health in dairy cows in early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 16:31-37.

[12] Mulligan FJ, Grady LO, Rice DA, Doherty ML (2006) A herd health approach to dairy cow nutrition and production diseases of the transition cow. Animal Reproduction Science 96:331-353.

[13] National Research Council (NRC) (2001) Subcommittee on dairy cattle nutrition. In nutrient requirements of dairy cattle, 7th Eds. National academy press, Washington DC.

[14] Oetzel GR (1988) Parturient paresis and hypocalcemia in ruminant livestock. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 4:351-364.

[15] Roberts T, Chapinal N, LeBlanc SJ, Kelton DF, Dubuc J, Duffield TF (2012) Metabolic parameters in transition cows as indicators for early lactation culling risk. J. Dairy Sci. 95:3057-3063.

[16] Reinhardt TA, Lippolis JD, McCluskey BJ, Goff JP, Horst RL (2011) Prevalence of subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy herds. Vet. J. 188:122- 124.

[17] Wal RC (1983) Daniel, Motility of the rumen and abomasum during hypocalcemia. Can. J. Comp. Med. 47:276.

[18] Wubishet F, Dechassa T, Nejash A, Wahid MA (2016) Milk Fever and its Economic Consequences in Dairy Cows: A Review. Global Veterinaria 16:441-452.

[19] Zebeli Q, Beitz DC, Bradford BJ, Dunn SM, Ametaj BN (2013) Peripartial alterations of calcitonin gene-related peptide and minerals in dairy cows affected by milk fever. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 42:70-77.

Abstract

References

How to cite