Correlation of pulp stones to hyperlipidemia and hypertension: a clinico pathological hospital-based study

K. Asha; Shikhar Verma; Garima Yeluri

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2023ss0416

Keywords:

Abstract

Pulp stones signify the calcification of the discrete origin seen in the pulp tissues and are seen either embedded or attached to the dentin. Pulp stones can be a pathological or physiological entity. The pathogenesis of the pulp stone formation is idiopathic. However, various theories have been proposed. Pulp stone frequency is in the range of 8% to 90%. They are more identified on the histopathologic examination than radiographic assessment. The present study aimed to assess and correlate the histopathologic analysis and clinical parameters of the pulp stones to hyperlipidemia and systemic hypertension. The study assessed 140 subjects for the correlation of histopathologic analysis and clinical parameters of the pulp stones to hyperlipidemia and systemic hypertension. After inclusion, detailed case history was recorded for all the participants. This was followed by the radiographic assessment, and the pulp tissue after extirpation was sent for processing. The data gathered was statistically assessed with the Chi-square test and SPSS software. The study showed that on radiographic assessment, pulp stones were seen in 28 subjects and histopathologic assessment in 60 subjects among the total studied 140 subjects. Hyperlipidemia and hypertension were significantly associated with using nonlaminated and uneven varieties of pulp stone. The study concludes that subjects having irregularly shaped and nonlaminated pulp stones on histopathologic analysis should undergo assessment for systemic hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
References
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2. Chen G, Huang LG,Yeh PC (2022) Detecting calcified pulp stones in patients with periodontal diseases using digital panoramic and periapical radiography. Journal of Dental Sciences 17:965-972.
3. Gabardo MCL, Wambier LM, Rocha JS, Küchler EC, de Lara RM, Leonardi DP, Sousa-Neto MD, Baratto-Filho F, Michel-Crosato E (2019) Association between pulp stones and kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of endodontics 45:1099-1105.
4. Gerhard-Herman MD, Gornik HL, Barrett C, et al (2016) AHA/ACC guideline on the management of patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2017:726–79.
5. Hoshyari N, Farahbod F, Nabati M, Haddadi A, Mousavi J, Shahsavar N (2022) Association between Coronary Artery Sclerosis and Dental Pulp Calcification in Patients Attending Sari Touba Clinic, 2019. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 31:157-164.
6. Jarell A, Gastman BR, Dillon LD, Hsueh EC, Podlipnik S, Covington KR, Cook RW, Bailey CN, Quick AP, Martin BJ, Kurley SJ (2022) Optimizing treatment approaches for patients with cutaneous melanoma by integrating clinical and pathologic features with the 31-gene expression profile test. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 87:1312-1320.
7. Ji-Soo KIM, Chul-Gyu KIM (2020) Gender differences in hypertension treatment and control in young adults. Journal of Nursing Research 28:e88.
8. Kaira M, Walia V, Garg M (2022) Role of Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia in the Pathogenesis of Dementia. In Current Thoughts on Dementia: From Risk Factors to Therapeutic Interventions pp 251-272. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
9. KanthJaju K, Sandhya R, Datta K (2021) Prevalence Of Pulpal Calcification In Patients With Hypertension-A Retrospective Study. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8:3638-3642.
10. Kritikou K, Imre M, Tanase M, Vinereanu A, Ripszky Totan A, Spinu TC, Miricescu D, Stanescu-Spinu II, Bordea M, Greabu M (2022) Assessment of Mineralization, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation Mechanisms in the Pulp of Primary Teeth. Applied Sciences 12:1554.
11. Li H, Liu B, Song J, An Z, Zeng X, Li J, Jiang J, Xie L, Wu W (2019) Characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia: a cross-sectional study on rural residents in Xinxiang County, Henan Province. Microorganisms 7:399.
12. Maikhuri B, Sahoo N, Jena S, Dash BP, Dash S (2023) Prevalence Of Pulp Stones After Orthodontic Treatment-A Review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results 71-77.
13. Mathew ST, Al-Mutlaq MA, Al-Eidan RF, Al-Khuraisi DM, Adam H (2019) Prevalence of pulp stones and its relation with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus using digital radiographs: a retrospective study. Ann Dent Spec 7:18-23.
14. Nachiappan S, Chandran A, Swathika B, Ganesan S, Mahaprasad A, Muddebihal F, Nayyar AS (2021) Pulp Stones: Diagnostic Significance in Early Diagnosis and Radiographic Correlation with Ischemic Heart Diseases. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging 31:277-283.
15. Parashar SR, Kasabwala K, Ulaganathan S, Ashritha MCV, Khandelwal P, Arockiam S, Natanasabapathy V (2022) Association of pulp calcifications and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice 22:101707.
16. Patro S, Meto A, Mohanty A, Chopra V, Miglani S, Das A, Luke AM, Hadi DA, Meto A, Fiorillo L, Karobari MI (2022) Diagnostic Accuracy of Pulp Vitality Tests and Pulp Sensibility Tests for Assessing Pulpal Health in Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:9599.
17. Queiroz AF, Hidalgo MM, Consolaro A, Panzarini SR, França AB, Pires WR, Poi WR (2019) Calcific metamorphosis of pulp after extrusive luxation. Dental Traumatology 35:87-94.
18. Ravichandran S, Vadivel JK (2022) Prevalence of pulp stones in IOPA radiographs. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research 13:S63.
19. Sezgin GP, Kaplan SS, Kaplan T (2021) Evaluation of the relation between the pulp stones and direct restorations using cone beam computed tomography in a Turkish subpopulation. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics 46.
20. Silva BSF, Bueno MR, Yamamoto-Silva FP, Gomez RS, Peters OA, Estrela C (2017) Differential diagnosis and clinical management of periapical radiopaque/hyperdense jaw lesions. Brazilian oral research 31.
21. Wang C, Du Z, Ye N, Shi C, Liu S, Geng D, Sun Y (2022) Hyperlipidemia and hypertension have synergistic interaction on ischemic stroke: insights from a general population survey in China. BMC cardiovascular disorders 22:47.
22. Wu P, Feng Q, Kerchberger VE, Nelson SD, Chen Q, Li B, Edwards TL, Cox NJ, Phillips EJ, Stein CM, Roden DM (2022) Integrating gene expression and clinical data to identify drug repurposing candidates for hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Nature Communications 13:46.
23. Yilmaz SG, Yilmaz F, Bayrakdar IS Harorli A (2019) The relationship between carotid artery calcification and pulp stone among hemodialysis patients: A retrospective study. Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation 30:755-763.
24. Zaeneldin A, Ollie YY Chu CH (2022) Effect of silver diamine fluoride on vital dental pulp: A systematic review. Journal of dentistry 104066.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Asha, K., Verma, S., & Yeluri, G. (2023). Correlation of pulp stones to hyperlipidemia and hypertension: a clinico pathological hospital-based study. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 5, 2023ss0416. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2023ss0416

[1] Alexandru N, Constantin A, Nemecz M, Comariţa IK, Vîlcu A, Procopciuc A, Tanko G, Georgescu A (2019) Hypertension associated with hyperlipidemia induced different microRNA expression profiles in plasma, platelets, and platelet-derived microvesicles; effects of endothelial progenitor cell therapy. Frontiers in Medicine 6:280.

[2] Chen G, Huang LG,Yeh PC (2022) Detecting calcified pulp stones in patients with periodontal diseases using digital panoramic and periapical radiography. Journal of Dental Sciences 17:965-972.

[3] Gabardo MCL, Wambier LM, Rocha JS, Küchler EC, de Lara RM, Leonardi DP, Sousa-Neto MD, Baratto-Filho F, Michel-Crosato E (2019) Association between pulp stones and kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of endodontics 45:1099-1105.

[4] Gerhard-Herman MD, Gornik HL, Barrett C, et al (2016) AHA/ACC guideline on the management of patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2017:726–79.

[5] Hoshyari N, Farahbod F, Nabati M, Haddadi A, Mousavi J, Shahsavar N (2022) Association between Coronary Artery Sclerosis and Dental Pulp Calcification in Patients Attending Sari Touba Clinic, 2019. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 31:157-164.

[6] Jarell A, Gastman BR, Dillon LD, Hsueh EC, Podlipnik S, Covington KR, Cook RW, Bailey CN, Quick AP, Martin BJ, Kurley SJ (2022) Optimizing treatment approaches for patients with cutaneous melanoma by integrating clinical and pathologic features with the 31-gene expression profile test. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 87:1312-1320.

[7] Ji-Soo KIM, Chul-Gyu KIM (2020) Gender differences in hypertension treatment and control in young adults. Journal of Nursing Research 28:e88.

[8] Kaira M, Walia V, Garg M (2022) Role of Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia in the Pathogenesis of Dementia. In Current Thoughts on Dementia: From Risk Factors to Therapeutic Interventions pp 251-272. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.

[9] KanthJaju K, Sandhya R, Datta K (2021) Prevalence Of Pulpal Calcification In Patients With Hypertension-A Retrospective Study. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8:3638-3642.

[10] Kritikou K, Imre M, Tanase M, Vinereanu A, Ripszky Totan A, Spinu TC, Miricescu D, Stanescu-Spinu II, Bordea M, Greabu M (2022) Assessment of Mineralization, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation Mechanisms in the Pulp of Primary Teeth. Applied Sciences 12:1554.

[11] Li H, Liu B, Song J, An Z, Zeng X, Li J, Jiang J, Xie L, Wu W (2019) Characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia: a cross-sectional study on rural residents in Xinxiang County, Henan Province. Microorganisms 7:399.

[12] Maikhuri B, Sahoo N, Jena S, Dash BP, Dash S (2023) Prevalence Of Pulp Stones After Orthodontic Treatment-A Review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results 71-77.

[13] Mathew ST, Al-Mutlaq MA, Al-Eidan RF, Al-Khuraisi DM, Adam H (2019) Prevalence of pulp stones and its relation with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus using digital radiographs: a retrospective study. Ann Dent Spec 7:18-23.

[14] Nachiappan S, Chandran A, Swathika B, Ganesan S, Mahaprasad A, Muddebihal F, Nayyar AS (2021) Pulp Stones: Diagnostic Significance in Early Diagnosis and Radiographic Correlation with Ischemic Heart Diseases. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging 31:277-283.

[15] Parashar SR, Kasabwala K, Ulaganathan S, Ashritha MCV, Khandelwal P, Arockiam S, Natanasabapathy V (2022) Association of pulp calcifications and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice 22:101707.

[16] Patro S, Meto A, Mohanty A, Chopra V, Miglani S, Das A, Luke AM, Hadi DA, Meto A, Fiorillo L, Karobari MI (2022) Diagnostic Accuracy of Pulp Vitality Tests and Pulp Sensibility Tests for Assessing Pulpal Health in Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:9599.

[17] Queiroz AF, Hidalgo MM, Consolaro A, Panzarini SR, França AB, Pires WR, Poi WR (2019) Calcific metamorphosis of pulp after extrusive luxation. Dental Traumatology 35:87-94.

[18] Ravichandran S, Vadivel JK (2022) Prevalence of pulp stones in IOPA radiographs. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research 13:S63.

[19] Sezgin GP, Kaplan SS, Kaplan T (2021) Evaluation of the relation between the pulp stones and direct restorations using cone beam computed tomography in a Turkish subpopulation. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics 46.

[20] Silva BSF, Bueno MR, Yamamoto-Silva FP, Gomez RS, Peters OA, Estrela C (2017) Differential diagnosis and clinical management of periapical radiopaque/hyperdense jaw lesions. Brazilian oral research 31.

[21] Wang C, Du Z, Ye N, Shi C, Liu S, Geng D, Sun Y (2022) Hyperlipidemia and hypertension have synergistic interaction on ischemic stroke: insights from a general population survey in China. BMC cardiovascular disorders 22:47.

[22] Wu P, Feng Q, Kerchberger VE, Nelson SD, Chen Q, Li B, Edwards TL, Cox NJ, Phillips EJ, Stein CM, Roden DM (2022) Integrating gene expression and clinical data to identify drug repurposing candidates for hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Nature Communications 13:46.

[23] Yilmaz SG, Yilmaz F, Bayrakdar IS Harorli A (2019) The relationship between carotid artery calcification and pulp stone among hemodialysis patients: A retrospective study. Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation 30:755-763.

[24] Zaeneldin A, Ollie YY Chu CH (2022) Effect of silver diamine fluoride on vital dental pulp: A systematic review. Journal of dentistry 104066.

Abstract

References

How to cite