Alpha-lipoic acid protects against hyperlipidemia-induced testicular damage in premature rats

Reem Abdul Raheem Alsaad; Zainab Hayder Jaber Al-Kufaishi; Khalid Mohammed Karam

doi:10.31893/multiscience.2024070

Keywords:

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the effect of hypercholesterolemia on the reproductive performance of premature male rats and to evaluate the influence of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) in conserving their fecundity. Sixty rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups. The control group (CG n=20 rats), cholesterol feeding group 1 (CFG1 n=20 rats) were fed 1.5% cholesterol with diet for one month, and cholesterol feeding group 2 (CFG2 n= 20 rats) were fed 1.5% cholesterol with diet + ALA 100 mg/kg body weight supplied by water for one month. The results revealed that compared to CG and CFG2, CFG1's body weight increased significantly. After consuming cholesterol for one month, CFG1's lipid profile revealed a substantial rise in blood cholesterol and triglycerides when compared to CG and the group that consumed ALA CFG2. In comparison to CGF1 and CG, the results of the sperm parameters in CGF2 demonstrated a large rise in sperm count with sperm live percentage and a considerable decrease in sperm abnormality %. Rats from CFG1 had significantly lower serum testosterone levels than rats from CFG2 and CG, according to the hormonal profile. We conclude that the significance of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) in preserving fertility ALA is a strong antioxidant that may preserve the parameters of the sperm of hyperlipidemic preterm rats, which may improve the capacity of hyperlipidemic rats to conceive.
References
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2. Ali M, Al-Qattan KK, Al-Enezi F, Khanafer RM, Mustafa T (2000) Effect of allicin from garlic powder on serum lipids and blood pressure in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 62:253-9.
3. Alqubaty ARA (2013) Serum testosterone level in hyperlipidemic Yemeni individuals. Yemeni J Med Sci 7:8-13.
4. Al-Taii HA (1994) Sperm activation and intrauterine insemination: the effect of serum concentration and culture media on sperm activation potential in vitro .M.Sc.
5. Ashrafi H, Ghabili K, Alihemmati A, Jouyban A, Shoja MM(2013)The effect of quince leaf (Cydonia Oblonga Miller) decoction on testes in hypercholesterolemic rabbits: a pilot study. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 10:277-282.
6. Awoniyi DO, Aboua YG, Marnewick J, Brooks N (2012) The Effects of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) and Commercial Rooibos and Green Tea Supplements on Epididymal Sperm in Oxidative Stress‐induced Rats. Phytotherapy Research 26:1231-1239.
7. Bashandy AES. Effect of fixed oil of nigella sativa on male fertility in normal and hyperlipidemic rats. Int J Pharmacol. 2007. 3:27-33.
8. Bataineh HN, Nusier MK (2005) Effect of cholesterol diet on reproductive function in male albino rats. Saudi Med Journal 26:398-404.
9. Bennani-Kabchi N, Kehel L, El Bouayadi F, Fdhil H, Amarti A, Saidi A, Marquie G (2000) New model of atherosclerosis in insulin resistant sand rats: hypercholesterolemia combined with D2 vitamin. Atherosclerosis 150:55-61.
10. Diaz-Fontdevilla M, Bustos-Obregon E (1993) cholesterol and poly unsaturated acid enriched diet: effect of kinetics of the acrosome reaction in rabbit spermatozoa. Mol Reprod Dev. 176-180.
11. Diaz-Fontdevilla M, Bustos-Obregon E, Fornes M (1992) Destribution of filipin-sterol complexes in sperm membranes from hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Andrologia 24:279-283.
12. Elnaga NAM (2012) Effect of cholesterol and /or Methionine on the testis of rats. Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 49:857- 878.
13. Ergün A, Köse SK, Aydos K, Ata A, Avci A (2007) Correlation of seminal parameters with serum lipid profile and sex hormones. Arch Androl 53:21-23.
14. Fang X, Xu QY, Jia C, Peng YF (2012) Metformin improves epididymal sperm quality and antioxidant function of the testis in diet-induced obesity rats. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 18:146-149.
15. Goraca A, Huk-Kolega H, Piechota A,(2011) Lipoic acid-biological activity and therapeutic potential. Pharmacological Report 63:849-858.
16. Hinting A(1989) Methods of semen analysis. In assessment of human sperm fertilization ability. Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan stares.
17. Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (US) (1985) Committee on Care, Use of Laboratory Animals, National Institutes of Health (US). Division of Research Resources. Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. National Academies 11-28.
18. Ismail MF, Gad MZ, Hamdy MA (1999) Study of the hypolipidemic properties of pectin, garlic and ginseng in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Pharmacol. Res 39:157-166.
19. Lin SJ, Ding YZ (1996) Effects of hyperlipidemia on aortic endothelial cell turnover and transendothelial macromolecular transport in cholesterol-fed rats. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih (Taipei) 58:235-40.
20. Karam KM, Alebady AS, Al-Nailey KGC, Al-Delemi DHJ. L-Carnitine effect on induced hyperlipidemia on premature rats: fertility profile. J Med Life 15:124-131.
21. Machin D, Campbell MJ, Walters SJ. Medical statistics (2007) a textbook for the health sciences. 4th ed. England: John Wiley & Sons 99-116.
22. Martinez-Martos JM, Arrazola M, Mayas MD, Carrera-Gonzalez MP, Garcia MJ (2011)Diet-induced hypercholesterolemia impaired testicular steroidogenesis in mice through the renin angiotensin system. Gen Comp Indocrinol 173:15-19.
23. Moini H, Packer L, Saris NE (2002) Antioxidant and prooxidant activities of a-lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (182): 84-90. ‏
24. Nemzer B, Chang T, Xie Z, Pietrzkowski Z, Reyes T, Ou B(2014) Decrease of free radical concentrations in humans following consumption of a high antioxidant capacity natural product. Food Science & Nutrition 2: 647-654.
25. Nikolovski M, Mickov L, Dovenska M, Petkov V, Atanasov B, Dovenski T (2014) Influence of glutathione on kinetic parameters of frozen-thawed spermatozoa from ovchepolian pramenka rams. Mac Vet Rev 37:121-128.
26. Okazaki M, Morio Y, Iwai S, Miyamoto K, Sakamoto H, Imai K, Oguchi K (1998) Age-related changes in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in mice fed on a high-cholesterol diet. Exp.Anim 47:237-46.
27. Ouvrier A, Alves G, Damon-Soubeyrand C, Marceao G, Cadet R (2011) Diertary cholesterol induced post testicular infertility. PLoS one 6:e26966.
28. Packer L, Witt EH, Tritschler HJ (1995) Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant. Free Radical Biol Med 19:227-250.
29. Saes lancillotti TE, Boarelli PV, Monclus MA, Cabrillana ME, Clementi MA (2010) Hypercholesterolemia impaired sperm functionality in rabbits. PLoS one 5:e13457.
30. Selvakumar E, Prahalathan C, Mythili Y and Varalakshmi P(2005) Beneficial effects of DL- alpha-lipoic acid on cyclophosphamideinduced oxidative stress in mitochondrial fractions of rat testis. Chem Biol Interact 152:59-66.
31. Shalaby MA, el-Zobra HY, Kamel GM (2004) Effect of alpha-tocopherol and simvastatin on male fertility in hypercholostrolemic rats. Pharmacol Res 50:137-142.
32. Shay KP, Moreau RF, Smith EJ, Smith AR, Hagen TM (2009) Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects 1790:1149-1160.‏‏

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Alsaad, R. A. R., Al-Kufaishi, Z. H. J., & Karam, K. M. (2023). Alpha-lipoic acid protects against hyperlipidemia-induced testicular damage in premature rats. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 6(5), 2024070. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024070

[1] Agarwal A, Nallella KP, Allamaneni SS, Said TM (2004) Role of antioxidants in treatment of male infertility: an overview of the literature. Reprod Biomed Online 8:616-27.

[2] Ali M, Al-Qattan KK, Al-Enezi F, Khanafer RM, Mustafa T (2000) Effect of allicin from garlic powder on serum lipids and blood pressure in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 62:253-9.

[3] Alqubaty ARA (2013) Serum testosterone level in hyperlipidemic Yemeni individuals. Yemeni J Med Sci 7:8-13.

[4] Al-Taii HA (1994) Sperm activation and intrauterine insemination: the effect of serum concentration and culture media on sperm activation potential in vitro .M.Sc.

[5] Ashrafi H, Ghabili K, Alihemmati A, Jouyban A, Shoja MM(2013)The effect of quince leaf (Cydonia Oblonga Miller) decoction on testes in hypercholesterolemic rabbits: a pilot study. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 10:277-282.

[6] Awoniyi DO, Aboua YG, Marnewick J, Brooks N (2012) The Effects of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) and Commercial Rooibos and Green Tea Supplements on Epididymal Sperm in Oxidative Stress‐induced Rats. Phytotherapy Research 26:1231-1239.

[7] Bashandy AES. Effect of fixed oil of nigella sativa on male fertility in normal and hyperlipidemic rats. Int J Pharmacol. 2007. 3:27-33.

[8] Bataineh HN, Nusier MK (2005) Effect of cholesterol diet on reproductive function in male albino rats. Saudi Med Journal 26:398-404.

[9] Bennani-Kabchi N, Kehel L, El Bouayadi F, Fdhil H, Amarti A, Saidi A, Marquie G (2000) New model of atherosclerosis in insulin resistant sand rats: hypercholesterolemia combined with D2 vitamin. Atherosclerosis 150:55-61.

[10] Diaz-Fontdevilla M, Bustos-Obregon E (1993) cholesterol and poly unsaturated acid enriched diet: effect of kinetics of the acrosome reaction in rabbit spermatozoa. Mol Reprod Dev. 176-180.

[11] Diaz-Fontdevilla M, Bustos-Obregon E, Fornes M (1992) Destribution of filipin-sterol complexes in sperm membranes from hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Andrologia 24:279-283.

[12] Elnaga NAM (2012) Effect of cholesterol and /or Methionine on the testis of rats. Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 49:857- 878.

[13] Ergün A, Köse SK, Aydos K, Ata A, Avci A (2007) Correlation of seminal parameters with serum lipid profile and sex hormones. Arch Androl 53:21-23.

[14] Fang X, Xu QY, Jia C, Peng YF (2012) Metformin improves epididymal sperm quality and antioxidant function of the testis in diet-induced obesity rats. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 18:146-149.

[15] Goraca A, Huk-Kolega H, Piechota A,(2011) Lipoic acid-biological activity and therapeutic potential. Pharmacological Report 63:849-858.

[16] Hinting A(1989) Methods of semen analysis. In assessment of human sperm fertilization ability. Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan stares.

[17] Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (US) (1985) Committee on Care, Use of Laboratory Animals, National Institutes of Health (US). Division of Research Resources. Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. National Academies 11-28.

[18] Ismail MF, Gad MZ, Hamdy MA (1999) Study of the hypolipidemic properties of pectin, garlic and ginseng in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Pharmacol. Res 39:157-166.

[19] Lin SJ, Ding YZ (1996) Effects of hyperlipidemia on aortic endothelial cell turnover and transendothelial macromolecular transport in cholesterol-fed rats. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih (Taipei) 58:235-40.

[20] Karam KM, Alebady AS, Al-Nailey KGC, Al-Delemi DHJ. L-Carnitine effect on induced hyperlipidemia on premature rats: fertility profile. J Med Life 15:124-131.

[21] Machin D, Campbell MJ, Walters SJ. Medical statistics (2007) a textbook for the health sciences. 4th ed. England: John Wiley & Sons 99-116.

[22] Martinez-Martos JM, Arrazola M, Mayas MD, Carrera-Gonzalez MP, Garcia MJ (2011)Diet-induced hypercholesterolemia impaired testicular steroidogenesis in mice through the renin angiotensin system. Gen Comp Indocrinol 173:15-19.

[23] Moini H, Packer L, Saris NE (2002) Antioxidant and prooxidant activities of a-lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (182): 84-90. ‏

[24] Nemzer B, Chang T, Xie Z, Pietrzkowski Z, Reyes T, Ou B(2014) Decrease of free radical concentrations in humans following consumption of a high antioxidant capacity natural product. Food Science & Nutrition 2: 647-654.

[25] Nikolovski M, Mickov L, Dovenska M, Petkov V, Atanasov B, Dovenski T (2014) Influence of glutathione on kinetic parameters of frozen-thawed spermatozoa from ovchepolian pramenka rams. Mac Vet Rev 37:121-128.

[26] Okazaki M, Morio Y, Iwai S, Miyamoto K, Sakamoto H, Imai K, Oguchi K (1998) Age-related changes in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in mice fed on a high-cholesterol diet. Exp.Anim 47:237-46.

[27] Ouvrier A, Alves G, Damon-Soubeyrand C, Marceao G, Cadet R (2011) Diertary cholesterol induced post testicular infertility. PLoS one 6:e26966.

[28] Packer L, Witt EH, Tritschler HJ (1995) Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant. Free Radical Biol Med 19:227-250.

[29] Saes lancillotti TE, Boarelli PV, Monclus MA, Cabrillana ME, Clementi MA (2010) Hypercholesterolemia impaired sperm functionality in rabbits. PLoS one 5:e13457.

[30] Selvakumar E, Prahalathan C, Mythili Y and Varalakshmi P(2005) Beneficial effects of DL- alpha-lipoic acid on cyclophosphamideinduced oxidative stress in mitochondrial fractions of rat testis. Chem Biol Interact 152:59-66.

[31] Shalaby MA, el-Zobra HY, Kamel GM (2004) Effect of alpha-tocopherol and simvastatin on male fertility in hypercholostrolemic rats. Pharmacol Res 50:137-142.

[32] Shay KP, Moreau RF, Smith EJ, Smith AR, Hagen TM (2009) Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects 1790:1149-1160.‏‏

Abstract

References

How to cite