Formation of public policy on national memory in Ukraine with the participation of civil society organisations

Svitlana Vlasenko; Liliia Honiukova; Oleksii Verbovyi; Serhii Shkabko

doi:10.31893/multirev.2024spe052

Keywords:

public administration

colonial past

European values

non-governmental organisation

public authorities

national identity

Abstract

The article's primary focus is on the examination of civil society organisations' involvement in the decision-making and implementation processes conducted by public authorities. The aim of this article is to analyse the involvement of civil society in Ukraine (with civil society organisations as a case study) in public policy regarding national memory in Ukraine. The article employs a combination of descriptive, analytical and synthetic methods, as well as inductive and deductive approaches. The use of the dialectical method ensures a comprehensive study of the activities of civil society organisations. A comparative and structural-functional analysis was employed to examine the activities and functioning of civil society organisations. The research yielded several key insights. Firstly, the main vectors of public policy regarding national memory in Ukraine were identified. Secondly, the regulatory framework of Ukraine regulating the activities of civil society organisations and their participation in political processes was analysed. Thirdly, an overview of the instruments of civil participation in the public policy regarding national memory was conducted. Finally, the activities of civil society organisations in the field of national memory through partnerships and networking were characterised using the example of the "Reanimation Package of Reforms" Coalition. It was established that the state implements a policy to advance the growth of civil society in Ukraine, with the objective of providing support to civic initiatives. In order to implement this, Ukraine has established a regulatory framework that is continually updated in response to evolving socio-political challenges and needs. The country implements the National Strategy for the Development of Civil Society, adopts international norms and standards, and fulfils international obligations.
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How to cite

Vlasenko, S., Honiukova, L., Verbovyi, O., & Shkabko, S. (2024). Formation of public policy on national memory in Ukraine with the participation of civil society organisations. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 8, 2024spe052. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2024spe052

[1] Years of Communism. History and Memory on 8–9 November 2017. Programme. https://www.memoryandconscience.eu/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Conference-100-Years-of-Communism-programme-13.10.2017.pdf Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[2] A Critique of Pure Tolerance (pp. 95-137). Boston: Beacon Press. http://sampi.blogas.lt/h-marcuse-repressivetolerance-1965-317.html Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[3] Assmann, J. (2008). Communicative and Cultural Memory. In: Cultural Memory Studies: An international and interdisciplinary handbook, (p. 109). Berlin/New York: de Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110207262.2.109

[4] Babka, V. (2015). Memory politics and memory in politics: Ukraine 2010-2013. Intermarum: history, politics, culture, 2, 167-182. http://www.irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgibin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?I21DBN=LINK&P21DBN=UJRN&Z21ID=&S21REF=10&S21CNR=20&S21STN=1&S21FMT=ASP_meta&C21COM=S&2_S21P03=FILA=&2_S21STR=inhpc_2015_2_14 Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[5] Bondar, V. (2013). State policy of historical memory in Ukraine in the 1990s-2000s: main trends. Historiographic studies in Ukraine, 23, 377-400. http://www.irbisnbuv.gov.ua/cgibin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?I21DBN=LINK&P21DBN=UJRN&Z21ID=&S21REF=10&S21CNR=20&S21STN=1&S21FMT=ASP_meta&C21COM=S&2_S21P03=FILA=&2_S21STR=Idvu_2013_23_20 Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[6] Charter (Statute) of the Resuscitation package of reforms, approved by the Meeting of the RPR on March 15, 2016. https://regional.rpr.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/kra.pdf Accessed: October 3, 2024.

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[8] Coulson, J. (2021). The Holodomor in Collective Memory: Constructing Ukraine as a Post-Genocide Nation. The General Assembly Review, 2(1), 1-15. https://ojs.lib.uwo.ca/index.php/tgareview/article/download/10421/11096/26979 Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[9] Demianchuk, T.D. (2023). Rehabilitation of Victims of Soviet Totalitarianism: Ukrainian and International Experience. Philosophical and Methodological Problems of Law, 1(26), 90-100. https://doi.org/10.33270/02232602.90

[10] Development of civil society in times of war: recommendations for international partners. (2023, October 17). Institute of Analysis and Advocacy. https://iaa.org.ua/articles/civil-society-development-in-times-of-war-recommendations-for-international-partners Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[11] Gotra, O. (2015). Historical memory as a factor in the formation of identity. Intermarum: history, politics, culture, 2, 143-155. http://intermarum.zu.edu.ua/article/view/90416/86175 Accessed: October 5, 2024.

[12] Honiukova, L. (2020). Institutionalisation of government-community interaction in Ukraine. Power and management: Collection of scientific papers, 7, 13–25. http://www.cppk.cv.ua/i/2297298.pdf Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[13] Honiukova, L. V. (2015). The main areas of cooperation between the government and the community and the necessary conditions for this process. Public administration: improvement and development, 3. http://www.dy.nayka.com.ua/?op=1&z=819 Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[14] Hornostai, P. P. (2022). Civil society of Ukraine as a subject of politics. In: The new generation of Ukrainian politics in the context of war and post-war social transformations: materials of the round table (Kyiv, 2022, November 15), pp. 13–14. Kyiv: Talcom. https://ispp.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/tezy_15.11.2022.pdf Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[15] Hrytsenko, O. A. (2017). Presidents and Memory. The Memory Policy of the Presidents of Ukraine (1994-2014): Background, Message, Implementation, Results. Kyiv: K.I.S., 1136 p. ISBN: 6176841887, 9786176841883

[16] Ivanenko, V., & Kryvoshein, V. (2022). State Policy of Memory in Modern Ukraine in the Context of the Information War (2014-2021). Facets, 25(2), 16-21. https://grani.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1756/1724 Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[17] Klymenko, L., & Siddi, M. (2022). Historical Memory and Foreign Policy. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15194-1

[18] Kornievskyy, O., & Rozumnyi, O. (2019). Non-Governmental Organisations as Actors of Ukrainian Politics of Memory. Przegląd Strategiczny, 12, 379–391. https://doi.org/10.14746/ps.2019.1.24

[19] Kozlovets, M.A. (2009). The phenomenon of national identity: challenges of globalisation. Zhytomyr, 2009. 558 с. http://eprints.zu.edu.ua/6217/1/kozlovez_monograf.pdf Accessed: October 5, 2024.

[20] Kyiv International Institute of Sociology. (2023). Ukrainian civil society under the war: A report based on the findings of the study. Kyiv. 62 p. https://ednannia.ua/attachments/article/12447/Ukrainian.Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[21] Kyrydon, A. (2015). The Politics of Memory in Ukraine (1991–2015). Ukraine-Europe-World. An international collection of scientific papers. Series: History, International Relations, 15, 244–250.

[22] Mälksoo, M. (2014). Criminalizing Communism: Transnational Mnemopolitics in Europe. International Political Sociology, 8(1), 82–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/ips.12041

[23] Marcuse, H. (1969). Repressive Tolerance. In R.P. Wolff, Barrington Moore, Jr., & H. Marcuse (Eds.),

[24] Muzychenko, Ya. (Jule 20, 2012). This is how we remain in the horizon of a Europe that remembers. Ukraine is young. https://umoloda.kyiv.ua/number/2110/222/75195 Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[25] Nagorna, L.P. (2012). Historical Memory: Theories, Discourses, Reflections. К, 328 с. http://history.org.ua/LiberUA/978-966-02-6497-7/978-966-02-6497-7.pdf Accessed: October 5, 2024.

[26] Nedelsky, N. (2004). Divergent Responses to a Common Past: Transitional Justice in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Theory and Society, 33: 65–15. URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/ B:RYSO.0000021428.22638.e2. Accessed: October 5, 2024.

[27] Neumayer, L. (2020). Bridges across the Atlantic? Intertwined anti-Communist mobilisations in Europe and the United States after the Cold War. Revue d’études comparatives Est-Ouest, 2-3(2), 151–183. https://doi.org/10.3917/receo1.512.0151

[28] On public associations: Law of Ukraine No. 4572-VI of March 22 2012. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4572-17#Text Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[29] On the Basic Principles of State Policy in the Sphere of Affirmation of Ukrainian National and Civil Identity: Law of Ukraine of December 13 2022, No. 2834-IX. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2834-20#Text Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[30] On the Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine: Law of Ukraine (2006, November 28). No. 376-V. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/376-16#Text Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[31] On the Legal Status and Commemoration of Fighters for Independence of Ukraine in the 20th Century: Law of Ukraine of April 9 2015 No. 314-VIII. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/314-19#Text Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[32] On the National Strategy for the Development of Civil Society in Ukraine for 2021–2026: Decree of the President of Ukraine of September 7 2021, No. 487/2021. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/487/2021#Text Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[33] On the Rehabilitation of Victims of Communist Totalitarian Regime Repression 1917–1991: Law of Ukraine of April 17 1991. No. 962-XII (title as of 13.03.2018). Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/962-12#Text Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[34] Opalko, Yu. (2016). Participation of public associations in countering informational aggression of the Russian Federation. https://niss.gov.ua/sites/default/files/2016-09/AZ-Protid-ya--nformagres---166e3.pdf Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[35] Povzyk, R. (2017). Reanimation of reforms or additional crutches for the state. Civil Society, 11(31), 4–6. http://www.ucipr.org.ua/publicdocs/GS_N11.pdf Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[36] Razumkov Center (December 2023). Assessment of the situation in the country by the public. Trust in social institutions, politicians, officials and public figures. https://razumkov.org.ua/napriamky/sotsiologichni-doslidzhennia/otsinka-gromadianamy-sytuatsii-v-kraini-dovira-do-sotsialnykh-instytutiv-politykiv-posadovtsiv-ta-gromadskykh-diiachiv-gruden-2023r Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[37] Resolution No. 258-IV. "On the 70th Anniversary of the Holodomor in Ukraine". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, November 28, 2002. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/258-15#Text Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[38] Robertson, R., & Knondker, H. (1999). Discourses of globalisation^ Preliminary considerations. International Sociology. 13(1), 25-40. https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/23510 Accessed: 5 October 2024.

[39] Rudenko, O. & Shturkhetskyi, S. (Eds). (2014). Development of civil society in Ukraine: past, present, prospects: collective monograph Ostrog: IHSU, Publishing House of the National University "Ostroh Academy",P.44. https://eprints.oa.edu.ua/id/eprint/3935/1/monografiya_rozvytok_grom_susp-va_2014.pdf Accessed: October 3, 2024.

[40] Seheda, T. (2014). Foreign experience in the formation of public policy mechanisms. Public administration and local self-government, 2(21), 201–212.

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