Keywords:
Supraclavicular block
Dexmedetomidine
Fentanyl
Bupivacaine
Regional anesthesia
Analgesic effects

  • Abstract

    The supraclavicular block is a highly effective regional anesthesia technique for upper limb surgeries, providing dense sensory and motor blockade. The use of adjuvants with local anesthetics, such as bupivacaine, can significantly enhance the quality and duration of analgesia. This comprehensive review evaluates the analgesic effects, patient outcomes, and safety profiles of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl as adjuvants in bupivacaine for the supraclavicular block. Dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenergic agonist, and fentanyl, an opioid receptor agonist, are both commonly used to prolong the duration of analgesia, reduce the onset time, and enhance patient comfort during and after surgery. Studies indicate that dexmedetomidine improves the duration of sensory and motor blockade more effectively than fentanyl, with additional benefits such as reduced postoperative opioid requirements and enhanced patient satisfaction. Fentanyl, while providing potent analgesia, is associated with a higher incidence of side effects, including respiratory depression. This review discusses these adjuvants' comparative efficacy and safety, highlighting their roles in optimizing supraclavicular block outcomes. The findings suggest that while both agents are effective, dexmedetomidine may offer superior outcomes in terms of prolonging analgesia and minimizing side effects. In clinical practice, further research is recommended to establish standardized protocols and optimize dosing strategies for these adjuvants.

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Bhalsod, D. D., Taksande, D. K., & Patel, D. V. (2024). Dexmedetomidine and fentanyl in bupivacaine for supraclavicular block: A critical review of analgesic effects and patient outcomes- a comprehensive review. Multidisciplinary Reviews, (| Accepted Articles). Retrieved from https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/mr/article/view/6941
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