Significance of micro-irrigation for feasible and sustainable agriculture: A review

S. K. Ramya; S. Siva Kumar

doi:10.31893/multirev.2025094

Keywords:

drip-irrigation

cost of cultivation

microirrigation

and water use efficiency

sustainable agriculture

Abstract

The aim of this research is to conduct a thorough assessment of earlier studies on the impact of microirrigation on various crop farming scenarios, with a focus on water use efficiency, cost effects and yield enhancement. The depletion of agricultural water supplies and the increasing demand from various sectors demonstrate the need to increase the efficiency of water consumption. India has devised a unique approach to address these problems by using drip and sprinkler irrigation systems as a form of microirrigation. To provide important insights into the revolutionary potential of microirrigation systems, this research aims to shed light on the impacts and economic impact of deploying microirrigation on diverse crops. By addressing the difficulties associated with traditional irrigation techniques, this research aims to enhance the understanding of microirrigation as a strategy for optimising water resources, reducing the ecological footprint, and promoting sustainable farming methods within the distinct framework of agriculture. The resource-based view, which underpins the study's theoretical framework, contends that a sustained competitive advantage may be attained via the strategic utilisation of resources through microirrigation technology. Microirrigation system are vital resources that affect crop yield, cultivation expenses, and water conservation. In summary, these studies highlight the importance of sustainable irrigation techniques, especially drip and sprinkler irrigation, to address water shortages, improve water usage efficiency, and guarantee the long-term viability of agriculture in India and throughout the world. In order to improve the sustainability of farmers by reducing input costs and increasing profitability, the study will look into how microirrigation might be beneficial. Additionally, it will evaluate these systems' long-term viability in light of shifting climatic circumstances. The objective of this research is to enhance comprehension of how technological improvements might promote resilient agriculture practices by providing a comparative examination of traditional and microirrigation systems.
References
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4. Asif, M., Akram, M. M., & Raza, M. A. (2016). Impact of drip and furrow irrigation methods on yield, water productivity, and fertilizer use efficiency of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under a plastic tunnel. Science Letters, 4(2), 118-123.
5. Aujla, M. S., Thind, H. S., & Buttar, G. S. (2005). Cotton yield and water use efficiency at various levels of water and nitrogen through drip irrigation under two methods of planting. Agricultural Water Management, 71(2), 167-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.06.010
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21. Madramootoo, C. A., & Morrison, J. (2013). Advances and challenges with micro-irrigation. Irrigation and Drainage, 62(3), 255-261. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1704
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25. Narayanamoorthy, A. (1997). Economic viability of drip irrigation: An empirical analysis from Maharashtra. Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, 52(4). https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.297570
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27. Narayanamoorthy, A. (2003). Impact assessment of drip irrigation in India: The case of sugarcane. Development Policy Review. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260802446401
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29. Narayanamoorthy, A. (2005). Efficiency of irrigation: A case of drip irrigation. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Report.
30. Narayanamoorthy, A. (2009). Water-saving technologies as a demand management option: Potentials, problems, and prospects. Environmental Science, Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.01.002
31. Narayanamoorthy, A. (2010). Can drip method of irrigation be used to achieve the macro objectives of conservation agriculture? Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.297570
32. Narayanamoorthy, A., Bhattarai, M., & Jothi, P. (2018). An assessment of the economic impact of drip irrigation in vegetable production in India. Agricultural Economics Research Review. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0279.2018.00010.1
33. Okunade, D. A., Olanusi, O. A., & Adekalu, K. O. (2010). Effect of irrigation systems, amounts of irrigation water and mulching on corn yield, water use efficiency, and net profit. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 29(1), 29-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260802446401
34. Palanisami, K., Raman, S., & Vennila, C. (2011). Impact of drip irrigation on farming systems in Southern India: Evidence from micro irrigation project. Water Technology Centre Report.
35. Patel, N., & Rajput, T. B. S. (2008). Dynamics and modeling of soil water under subsurface drip irrigated onion. Agricultural Water Management, 95(12), 1335-1349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.06.002
36. Patidar, P. K., Bareliya, R. S., Kuril, A., & Sharma, H. O. (2022). Impact of micro-irrigation on production and profitability of green chilli under drip method of irrigation in Madhya Pradesh. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(1s), 754-758.
37. Pfeiffer, L., & Lin, C. Y. C. (2013). Does efficient irrigation technology lead to reduced groundwater extraction? Empirical evidence. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 65(2), 189-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2013.12.002
38. Postel, S. L. (1999). Pillar of sand: Can the irrigation miracle last? W.W. Norton & Company.
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42. Sivanappan, R. K. (1994). Prospects of micro-irrigation in India. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 8(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00880801
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45. Soni, J. K., & Raja, N. A. (2017). Performance of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under drip and micro-sprinkler fertigation system. International Journal of Plant Research, 7(1), 134-139. https://doi.org/10.5958/2229-4473.2017.00134.3
46. Subramaniam, R. (2014). Economic benefits of drip irrigation in grape farming. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 27(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0279.2014.00006.2
47. Thind, H. S., Aujla, M. S., & Buttar, G. S. (2008). Response of cotton to various levels of nitrogen and water applied to normal and paired sown cotton under drip irrigation in relation to check-basin. Agricultural Water Management, 95(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2007.08.008
48. Trivedi, R. N., & Goel, A. (2015). Water use efficiency and yield of wheat under drip and surface irrigation methods in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 14(2), 159-164.
49. UNESCO. (2018). World water development report. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
50. UNESCO. (2022). Agriculture | UN World Water Development Report 2022. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesco.org
51. Upadhyay, A., Samra, J. S., & Singh, A. (2011). Enhancing water productivity of horticultural crops in water-scarce regions. National Conference on Micro-irrigation and Its Adaptation in Horticulture.
52. Venkatesh, P., Rajanna, G. A., Kumar, P., Sannagoudar, M. S., & Halli, H. M. (2022). Drip fertigation for enhancing crop yield, nutrient uptake, nutrient, and water use efficiency. In Sustainable Agriculture Systems and Technologies (pp. 275-290). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119808565.ch12
53. Yadav, S. K., Mishra, P. K., & Verma, O. P. (2013). Effect of drip irrigation and polyethylene mulching on growth, yield, and water use efficiency of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 8(1), 39-43. https://doi.org/10.5958/jhs.2013.00010.9
54. Yoder, R. (1994). Locally managed irrigation systems: Essential tasks and implications for assistance, design, and operation. International Irrigation Management Institute.

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How to cite

Ramya, S. K., & Kumar, S. S. (2024). Significance of micro-irrigation for feasible and sustainable agriculture: A review. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 8(4), 2025094. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2025094

[1] Abd El‐wahed, M. H., & Ali, E. A. (2013). Effect of irrigation systems, amounts of irrigation water, and mulching on corn yield, water use efficiency, and net profit. Agricultural Water Management, 71(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.06.010

[2] Agricultural Water Management. (2012). Agricultural water management research. Agricultural Water Management, 107(2), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2012.06.017

[3] Andal, G. (2011). Assessment of micro irrigation technology on yield, water use, salinity, nitrate contamination in groundwater in Rangareddy district of Andhra Pradesh (Doctoral dissertation). Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India.

[4] Asif, M., Akram, M. M., & Raza, M. A. (2016). Impact of drip and furrow irrigation methods on yield, water productivity, and fertilizer use efficiency of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under a plastic tunnel. Science Letters, 4(2), 118-123.

[5] Aujla, M. S., Thind, H. S., & Buttar, G. S. (2005). Cotton yield and water use efficiency at various levels of water and nitrogen through drip irrigation under two methods of planting. Agricultural Water Management, 71(2), 167-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.06.010

[6] Choudary, K. K., Dahiya, R., & Phogat, V. K. (2016). Effect of drip and furrow irrigation methods on yield and water use efficiency in cotton. Research on Crops. https://doi.org/10.5958/2348-7542.2016.00139.X

[7] Devika, N., Narayanamoorthy, A., & Jothi, P. (2016). Economics of drip method of irrigation in red chilli crop cultivation: An empirical study from Tamil Nadu. Journal of Rural Development. https://doi.org/10.25175/jrd/2017/v36/i3/118062

[8] Dhawan, B. D. (2002). Technological change in Indian irrigated agriculture: A study of water-saving methods. Commonwealth Publishers.

[9] Garg, B. K., Burman, U., & Kathju, S. (2004). The influence of phosphorus nutrition on the physiological response of moth bean genotypes to drought. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 167(11), 511-517. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200320368

[10] Government of India (GOI). (1994). Report of the Task Force on Microirrigation (Chairman: N. Chandrababu Naidu), Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, January.

[11] INCID. (1994). Drip irrigation in India. Indian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage, New Delhi.

[12] INCID. (1998). Sprinkler irrigation in India. Indian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage, New Delhi.

[13] India Water Portal. (n.d.). Agriculture. India Water Portal. https://indiawaterportal.org

[14] Khan, M. M., Shivashankar, K., Farooqui, A. A., Krishna, M., Kariyanna, R., & Sreerama, R. (2001). Research highlights of studies on fertigation in horticultural crops. University of Agricultural Science.

[15] Kharrou, M. H., Er Raki, S., Chenbouni, A., Duchemin, B., Simonneaux, V., Lepage, M., Ouzine, L., & Jarlan, L. (2011). Water use efficiency and yield of winter wheat under different irrigation regimes in a semi-arid region. Agricultural Sciences, 2(3), 273-282. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2011.23036

[16] Kumar, A., Burdak, B., Thakur, H., Rao, S. H., Nalamala, S., Mrudula, P., Pallan, A. H., & Singh, Y. P. (2023). A review on the role of micro-irrigation for modern agriculture. The Pharma Innovation Journal. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372420312_A_review_on_role_of_micro_irrigation_for_modern_agriculture

[17] Kumar, D., & Palanisami, K. (2011). Impact of drip irrigation on farming systems: Evidence from southern India. Agricultural Economics Research Review.

[18] Kumar, S., Imtiyaz, M., & Kumar, A. (2007). Response of onion (Allium cepa L.) to different levels of irrigation water. Agricultural Water Management, 89(1-2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2007.01.003

[19] Lenka, D. (2005). Irrigation and drainage (3rd ed., pp. 175-177). Kalyani Publishers.

[20] Li, J. (2020). Microirrigation in China: History, current situation, and future. Irrigation and Drainage, 69 (S2), 88-96. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2442

[21] Madramootoo, C. A., & Morrison, J. (2013). Advances and challenges with micro-irrigation. Irrigation and Drainage, 62(3), 255-261. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1704

[22] Mahendran, S., Stephen, A. J., Prabaharan, A. C., & Raja, R. P. (2002). Drip fertigation: Potential technology for sugarcane yield maximization. Research Report. Coastal Saline Research Centre, TNAU, Ramanathapuram.

[23] Nair, J., & Thomas, B. K. (2023). Why is adoption of micro-irrigation slow in India? A review. Development in Practice, 33(1), 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2022.2059065

[24] Narayanamoorthy, A. (1996). Evaluation of drip irrigation system in Maharashtra. Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics. https://doi.org/10.21648/ARTHAVIJ%2F1996%2FV38%2FI1%2F115995

[25] Narayanamoorthy, A. (1997). Economic viability of drip irrigation: An empirical analysis from Maharashtra. Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, 52(4). https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.297570

[26] Narayanamoorthy, A. (2001). Irrigation and rural poverty nexus: A state-wise analysis. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 56(1), 40-56.

[27] Narayanamoorthy, A. (2003). Impact assessment of drip irrigation in India: The case of sugarcane. Development Policy Review. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260802446401

[28] Narayanamoorthy, A. (2004). Impact assessment of drip irrigation in India: The case of sugarcane. Development Policy Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7679.2004.00259.x

[29] Narayanamoorthy, A. (2005). Efficiency of irrigation: A case of drip irrigation. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Report.

[30] Narayanamoorthy, A. (2009). Water-saving technologies as a demand management option: Potentials, problems, and prospects. Environmental Science, Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.01.002

[31] Narayanamoorthy, A. (2010). Can drip method of irrigation be used to achieve the macro objectives of conservation agriculture? Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.297570

[32] Narayanamoorthy, A., Bhattarai, M., & Jothi, P. (2018). An assessment of the economic impact of drip irrigation in vegetable production in India. Agricultural Economics Research Review. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0279.2018.00010.1

[33] Okunade, D. A., Olanusi, O. A., & Adekalu, K. O. (2010). Effect of irrigation systems, amounts of irrigation water and mulching on corn yield, water use efficiency, and net profit. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 29(1), 29-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260802446401

[34] Palanisami, K., Raman, S., & Vennila, C. (2011). Impact of drip irrigation on farming systems in Southern India: Evidence from micro irrigation project. Water Technology Centre Report.

[35] Patel, N., & Rajput, T. B. S. (2008). Dynamics and modeling of soil water under subsurface drip irrigated onion. Agricultural Water Management, 95(12), 1335-1349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.06.002

[36] Patidar, P. K., Bareliya, R. S., Kuril, A., & Sharma, H. O. (2022). Impact of micro-irrigation on production and profitability of green chilli under drip method of irrigation in Madhya Pradesh. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(1s), 754-758.

[37] Pfeiffer, L., & Lin, C. Y. C. (2013). Does efficient irrigation technology lead to reduced groundwater extraction? Empirical evidence. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 65(2), 189-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2013.12.002

[38] Postel, S. L. (1999). Pillar of sand: Can the irrigation miracle last? W.W. Norton & Company.

[39] Saleth, R. M., & Amarasinghe, U. A. (2010). Promoting irrigation demand management in India: Options, linkages, and strategy. Water Policy, 9(1), 87-105. https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2006.000

[40] Shanthy, T. R., Manivel, P., & Saravanan, L. (2020). Adoption of drip irrigation in sugarcane: A performance analysis. Indian Research Journal of Extension Education, 20(1), 17-23.

[41] Sivanappan, R. K. (1994). Prospects of microirrigation in India. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 8(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00880798

[42] Sivanappan, R. K. (1994). Prospects of micro-irrigation in India. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 8(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00880801

[43] Sivanappan, R. K. (1998a). Low-cost micro-irrigation systems for all crops and all farmers. Proceedings of Workshops on Micro Irrigation and Sprinkler Irrigation System. Central Board of Irrigation and Power (CBIP), New Delhi, 15-20.

[44] Sivanappan, R. K. (1998b). Low-cost micro-irrigation systems for all crops and all farmers. Proceedings of Workshops on Micro Irrigation and Sprinkler Irrigation System. Central Board of Irrigation and Power (CBIP), New Delhi, 15-20.

[45] Soni, J. K., & Raja, N. A. (2017). Performance of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under drip and micro-sprinkler fertigation system. International Journal of Plant Research, 7(1), 134-139. https://doi.org/10.5958/2229-4473.2017.00134.3

[46] Subramaniam, R. (2014). Economic benefits of drip irrigation in grape farming. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 27(1), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0279.2014.00006.2

[47] Thind, H. S., Aujla, M. S., & Buttar, G. S. (2008). Response of cotton to various levels of nitrogen and water applied to normal and paired sown cotton under drip irrigation in relation to check-basin. Agricultural Water Management, 95(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2007.08.008

[48] Trivedi, R. N., & Goel, A. (2015). Water use efficiency and yield of wheat under drip and surface irrigation methods in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 14(2), 159-164.

[49] UNESCO. (2018). World water development report. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

[50] UNESCO. (2022). Agriculture | UN World Water Development Report 2022. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesco.org

[51] Upadhyay, A., Samra, J. S., & Singh, A. (2011). Enhancing water productivity of horticultural crops in water-scarce regions. National Conference on Micro-irrigation and Its Adaptation in Horticulture.

[52] Venkatesh, P., Rajanna, G. A., Kumar, P., Sannagoudar, M. S., & Halli, H. M. (2022). Drip fertigation for enhancing crop yield, nutrient uptake, nutrient, and water use efficiency. In Sustainable Agriculture Systems and Technologies (pp. 275-290). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119808565.ch12

[53] Yadav, S. K., Mishra, P. K., & Verma, O. P. (2013). Effect of drip irrigation and polyethylene mulching on growth, yield, and water use efficiency of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 8(1), 39-43. https://doi.org/10.5958/jhs.2013.00010.9

[54] Yoder, R. (1994). Locally managed irrigation systems: Essential tasks and implications for assistance, design, and operation. International Irrigation Management Institute.

Abstract

References

How to cite