Workplace bullying among nurses: A systematic review

Gavya Vijayakumar; Subashini Rajagopal

doi:10.31893/multirev.2024019

Keywords:

Workplace bullying

nurse

systematic review

Abstract

Bullying victims are terrified, irritated, ostracized, belittled, robbed of resources, isolated, and prohibited from asserting their rights. Victims of bullying have worse work satisfaction, performance outcomes, engagement, and creativity. It also harms victims' social ties inside and outside the institution. To perform a systematic literature review on workplace bullying among nurses. Articles for review were collected from the SCOPUS database. After excluding and limiting the needed fields, the number of documents was limited to 202 (2004-2022). PRISMA is used for systematic flowcharts, and R-studio software is used for analyzing the articles. A total of 202 papers were published in 103 publications. Among the 202 papers, 28 articles used nurses as the study population. Overall, 2020 is the year with the highest number of annual productions, accounting for up to 35. The Frontiers in Psychology has the greatest number of publications compared to others, with a total number of 12; it mostly connects to the author named Einarsen SV, Harris A. The greatest co-occurrence score is for bullying. From 2004 to 2022, the major themes that were well-developed and significant to workplace bullying were behavior and conflict. Among the 202 journals, the most cocitation is performed by the author Lemann H (1966). The research from various studies reveals that people are more conscious that bullying is wrong and unacceptable, but it is often being reported. This systematic review analyzed workplace bullying among nurses based on a vast amount of empirical evidence published between 2004 and 2022.
References
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7. Bornmann, L., Haunschild, R., & Hug, S. E. (2018). Visualizing the context of citations referencing papers published by Eugene Garfield: a new type of keyword co-occurrence analysis. Scientometrics, 114(2), 427–437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2591-8
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Vijayakumar, G., & Rajagopal, S. (2023). Workplace bullying among nurses: A systematic review. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 7(1), 2024019. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2024019

[1] Al-Ghabeesh, S. H., & Qattom, H. (2019). Workplace bullying and its preventive measures and productivity among emergency department nurses. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4268-x

[2] An, Y., & Kang, J. (2016). Relationship between Organizational Culture and Workplace Bullying among Korean Nurses. Asian Nursing Research, 10(3), 234–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2016.06.004

[3] Anusiewicz, C. V. , L. P. , & P. P. A. (2021). (n.d.). Measuring workplace bullying in a U.S. nursing population with the Short Negative Acts Questionnaire.

[4] Aristidou, L., Mpouzika, M., Papathanassoglou, E. D. E., Middleton, N., & Karanikola, M. N. K. (2020). Association Between Workplace Bullying Occurrence and Trauma Symptoms Among Healthcare Professionals in Cyprus. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575623

[5] Bae, S. R., Hong, H. J., Chang, J. J., & Shin, S. H. (2021). The association between korean clinical nurses’ workplace bullying, positive psychological capital, and social support on burnout. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111583

[6] Baran Aksakal, F. N., Karaşahin, E. F., Uğraş Dikmen, A., Avci, E., & Özkan, S. (2015). Workplace physical violence, verbal violence, and mobbing experienced by nurses at a university hospital. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 45(6), 1360–1368. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1405-65

[7] Bornmann, L., Haunschild, R., & Hug, S. E. (2018). Visualizing the context of citations referencing papers published by Eugene Garfield: a new type of keyword co-occurrence analysis. Scientometrics, 114(2), 427–437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2591-8

[8] Callon, M., Courtial, J. P., Turner, W. A., & Bauin, S. (1983). From translations to problematic networks: An introduction to co-word analysis. Social Science Information, 22(2), 191–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/053901883022002003

[9] Castronovo, M. A., Pullizzi, A., & Evans, S. K. (2016). Nurse Bullying: A Review And A Proposed Solution. Nursing Outlook, 64(3), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2015.11.008

[10] Chen, W. C., Sun, Y. H., Lan, T. H., & Chiu, H. J. (2009). Incidence and risk factors of workplace violence on nursing staffs caring for chronic psychiatric patients in Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 6(11), 2812–2821. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph6112812

[11] Cowie, H., Naylor, P., Rivers, I., Smith, P. K., & Pereira, B. (n.d.). Measuring workplace bullying.

[12] de la Cruz del Río-Rama, M., Maldonado-Erazo, C. P., Álvarez-García, J., & Durán-Sánchez, A. (2020). Cultural and natural resources in tourism Island: Bibliometric mapping. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020724

[13] Einarsen, S. (2000). Harassment and bullying at work: A review of the Scandinavian approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 5(4), 379–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-1789(98)00043-3

[14] Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., & Notelaers, G. (2009). Measuring exposure to bullying and harassment at work: Validity, factor structure and psychometric properties of the negative acts questionnaire-revised. Work and Stress, 23(1), 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370902815673

[15] Fontes, K. B., Santana, R. G., Pelloso, S. M., Dalva, M., & Carvalho, B. (2013). Factors associated with bullying at nurses’ workplaces 1. In Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem (Vol. 21, Issue 3). www.eerp.usp.br/rlaewww.eerp.usp.br/rlae

[16] Garfield, E. (n.d.). Historiographic Mapping of Knowledge Domains Literature.

[17] Hampton, D., & Rayens, M. K. (2019). Impact of psychological empowerment on workplace bullying and intent to leave. Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(4), 179–185. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000735

[18] Hamre, K. V., Einarsen, S. V., Hoprekstad, Ø. L., Pallesen, S., Bjorvatn, B., Waage, S., Moen, B. E., & Harris, A. (2020). Accumulated long-term exposure toworkplace bullying impairs psychological hardiness: A five-year longitudinal study among nurses. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072587

[19] Harzing, A. W., & Alakangas, S. (2016). Google Scholar, Scopus and the Web of Science: a longitudinal and cross-disciplinary comparison. Scientometrics, 106(2), 787–804. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1798-9

[20] Higaki, A., Uetani, T., Ikeda, S., & Yamaguchi, O. (2020). Co-authorship network analysis in cardiovascular research utilizing machine learning (2009–2019). International Journal of Medical Informatics, 143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104274

[21] Homayuni, A., Hosseini, Z., Aghamolaei, T., & Shahini, S. (2021). Which nurses are victims of bullying: the role of negative affect, core self-evaluations, role conflict and bullying in the nursing staff. BMC Nursing, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00578-3

[22] Houck, N. M., & Colbert, A. M. (2017). Patient safety and workplace bullying: An integrative review. In Journal of Nursing Care Quality (Vol. 32, Issue 2, pp. 164–171). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000209

[23] Hsieh, Y. H., Wang, H. H., & Ma, S. C. (2019). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between workplace bullying, mental health and an intention to leave among nurses in Taiwan. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 32(2), 245–254. https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01322

[24] Jackson, D., & Maguire, J. (n.d.). Who would want to be a nurse? Violence in the workplacea factor in recruitment and retention Cite this paper Occupat ional Violence: T ypes, Report ing Pat t erns, and Variat ions Bet ween Healt h Sect ors duncan chappell Aggression and violencea problem in Irish Accident and Emergency depart ment s?

[25] Johnson, J. , C. L. , M. L. , P. M. , O.-T. G. , L. G. , & G. A. (2019). (n.d.). An investigation into the relationships between bullying, discrimination, burnout and patient safety in nurses and midwives is burnout a mediator.

[26] Kang, H., & Han, K. (2021). Moderating Effects of Structural Empowerment and Resilience in the Relationship between Nurses’ Workplace Bullying and Work Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Correlational Study. Public Health, 18, 1431. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph

[27] Kim, Y., Lee, E., & Lee, H. (2019). Association between workplace bullying and burnout, professional quality of life, and turnover intention among clinical nurses. PLoS ONE, 14(12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226506

[28] Ko, Y.-Y., Liu, Y., Wang, C.-J., Liao, H.-Y., Liao, Y.-M., & Chen, H.-M. (2020). Determinants of Workplace Bullying Types and Their Relationship With Depression Among Female Nurses.

[29] Laschinger, H. K. S., & Fida, R. (2014). A time-lagged analysis of the effect of authentic leadership on workplace bullying, burnout, and occupational turnover intentions. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(5), 739–753. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2013.804646

[30] Ma, S. C., Wang, H. H., & Chien, T. W. (2017a). A new technique to measure online bullying: Online computerized adaptive testing. Annals of General Psychiatry, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-017-0149-z

[31] Ma, S. C., Wang, H. H., & Chien, T. W. (2017b). Hospital nurses’ attitudes, negative perceptions, and negative acts regarding workplace bullying. Annals of General Psychiatry, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-017-0156-0

[32] Martínez, M.A., Cobo, M.J., Herrera, M. and Herrera-Viedma, E. (2015). Analyzing the scientific evolution of social work using science mapping. Research on SocialWork Practice, 25(2), 257–277.

[33] Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2001). MMPI-2 configurations among victims of bullying at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10(4), 467–484. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320143000753

[34] Molero Jurado, M. D. M., Martos Martínez, Á., Barragán Martín, A. B., Simón Márquez, M. D. M., Oropesa Ruiz, N. F., Sisto, M., Pérez‐fuentes, M. D. C., & Gázquez Linares, J. J. (2021). Emotional intelligence profiles and mobbing in nursing: The mediating role of social support and sensitivity to anxiety. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 11(2), 2345–2357. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11020026

[35] Niedl, K. (1996). Mobbing and well-being: Economic and personnel development implications. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594329608414857

[36] Nielsen, M. B., Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2010). The impact of methodological moderators on prevalence rates of workplace bullying. A meta-analysis. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(4), 955–979. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317909X481256

[37] Ortega, A., Høgh, A., Pejtersen, J. H., & Olsen, O. (2009). Prevalence of workplace bullying and risk groups: A representative population study. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 82(3), 417–426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-008-0339-8

[38] Picakciefe, M., Acar, G., Colak, Z., & Kilic, I. (2017). The Relationship Between Sociodemographic Characteristics, Work Conditions, and Level of “Mobbing” of Health Workers in Primary Health Care. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(3), 373–398. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515586360

[39] Rayan, A., Mo’men Sisan, &, & Baker, O. (2019). Stress, Workplace Violence, and Burnout in Nurses Working in King Abdullah Medical City During Al-Hajj Season.

[40] Reknes, I. , E. S. , P. S. , B. B. , M. B. E. , & M. N. (2016). (n.d.). Exposure to bullying behaviors at work and subsequent symptoms of anxiety.

[41] Rodríguez-Sabiote, C., Úbeda-Sánchez, Á. M., Álvarez-Rodríguez, J., & Álvarez-Ferrándiz, D. (2020). Active learning in an environment of innovative training and sustainability. Mapping of the conceptual structure of research fronts through a bibliometric analysis. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(19), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198012

[42] Salin, D. (n.d.). Workplace bullying and gender: an overview of empirical findings.

[43] Small, H. (1999). Visualizing science by citation mapping. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 799–813.

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