Effect of cashew nut shell liquid at varying inclusion levels on rumen fermentation and methane production <em>in vitro</em>

Adeola Patience Adetunji; Ronke Yemisi Aderinboye; Kafayat Omowunmi Adebayo; Victoria Olubunmi Ojo; Peter Ayodeji Idowu; Bohani Mtileni

doi:10.31893/jabb.20011

Keywords:

dietary

eco-friendly feed additive

essential oils

methane inhibition

ruminants

Abstract

Essential oils are possible natural antibiotic alternatives for manipulating ruminal fermentation in order to improve the utilization of nutrient in ruminants. This study evaluated the effect of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) at varying inclusion levels on in vitro gas production, nutrient degradation, and post-incubation parameters. Experimental diets consisted of Panicum maximum (Ntchisi) grass as basal diet and supplemental pellets treated with 0, 5, 10 and 15 ml/kg of cashew nut shell liquid. Proximate composition of experimental diets was analysed. In vitro experiment was carried out on experimental diets (P. maximum and concentrate pellets at ratio 70:30) for 24 hours using goat rumen liquor as inoculum. Results showed that CNSL inclusion had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the ether extract and metabolizable energy of experimental pellets. Dietary treatment with 15 ml/kg of CNSL had the lowest (P < 0.05) in vitro gas production. Inclusion of CNSL significantly inhibited methane production at 5 ml/kg (18%), 10 ml/kg (34%) and 15 ml/kg (57%) CNSL inclusion levels (P < 0.05). Ammonia-N and TVFA decreased significantly with CNSL inclusion. Significant reduction (P < 0.05) in short-chain fatty acid, metabolizable energy, and organic matter degradability were recorded with increasing CNSL inclusion levels.
References
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Adetunji, A. P., Aderinboye, R. Y., Adebayo, K. O., Ojo, V. O., Idowu, P. A., & Mtileni, B. (2019). Effect of cashew nut shell liquid at varying inclusion levels on rumen fermentation and methane production <em>in vitro</em>. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology, 8(2), 82–87. https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.20011

[1] Aminah A, Chen CP (1991) Future Prospects for Fodder and Pasture Production. In Feeding dairy cows in the tropics. Proceedings of the FAO expert consultation held in Bangkok, Thailand, 1989. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.

[2] AOAC (1990) Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 2 (15). Washington, DC

[3] AOAC (2000) Official Methods of Analysis. 17th ed. of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.

[4] Asaolu VO, Odeyinka SM, Binuomote RT, Odedire JÁ, Babayemi OJ (2014) Comparative nutrititive evaluation of Panicum maximum, selected tropical browses and their combinations using in vitro grass production technique. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America.

[5] Babayemi OJ, Bamikole MA (2006) Effect of Tephrosia candida leaf and its bag degradability of roughages in predicting feed intake in cattle. Animal Feed Science and Technology 40:109-119.

[6] Busquet M, Calsamiglia S, Ferret A, Kamel C (2006) Plant extracts affect in vitro rumen microbial fermentation. Journal Dairy Science 89:761-771.

[7] Calsamiglia S, Busquet M, Cardozo PW, Castillejos L, Ferret A (2007) Essential oils as modifiers of rumen microbial fermentation. Journal of Dairy Science 90:2580-95.

[8] Castillejos L, Calsamiglia S, Ferret A (2006) Effect of essential oil active compounds on rumen microbial fermentation and nutrient flow in in vitro systems. Journal of Dairy Science 89:2649-2658

[9] Evans JD, Martin AS (2000) Effects of thymol on ruminal microorganisms. Current Microbiology 41:336-340.

[10] Fievez V, Babayemi OJ, Dameyer D (2005) Estimation of direct and indirect gas production in syringes: a tool to estimate short chain fatty acid production requiring inimal laboratory facilities. Animal Feed Science and Technology 123:197-210.

[11] Gallardo MR, Castilo AR, Bargo F, Abdala AA, Maciel MG, Perez- Monti H, Castro HC, Castelli ME (2005) Monensin for lactating dairy cows grazing mixed alfafa pasture and supplemented with partial mixed ration. Journal Dairy Science 88:644-652.

[12] Getachew G, Depeters EJ, Robinson PH, Taylor SJ (2001) In vitro rumen fermentation and gas production: Influence of yellow grease, tallow, corn oil and their potassium soaps. Animal Feed Science and Technology 93:1-15.

[13] Gebrehiwot T (2014) Rumen manipulation for enhanced feed utilization and improved productivity performance of ruminants: A review. Momona Ethopian Journal of Science 6:3-17.

[14] Geelen SN, Blazquez C, Geelen MJ, Van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MMS, Beynen AC (2001) High fat intake lowers hepatic fatty acid synthesis and raises fatty acid oxidation in aerobic muscle in Shetland ponies. British Journal of Nutrition 86:31-36.

[15] Holmes CW, Brookes IM, Garrick DJ, Mackenzie DD, Parkinson TJ, Wilson GF (2006) Milk Production from Pasture: Principles and Practices. Nutrition: Classification and utilization of nutrients. Massey University, Palmerston North.

[16] Hong D, Xiangzhou Z, Yushu Z, Jing Z, Deli C (2017) Gaseous losses of fertilizer nitrogen from a citrus orchard in the red soil hilly region of Southeast China. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 63:419-425

[17] Jouany JP, Morgavi DP (2007) Use of ‘natural’ products as alternatives to antibiotic feed additives in ruminant production. The Animal Consortium 1:1443-1466.

[18] Kozubek A, Zarnowski R, Stasiuk M, Gubernator J (2001) Natural amphiphilic phenols as bioactive compounds. Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters 6:351-355.

[19] Manero A, Vilanova X, Cerda-Cuellar M, Blanch AR (2006) Vancomycin- and erythromycin-resistant enterococci in a pig farm and its environment. Environmental Microbiology 8:667-674.

[20] McDougall S, Young L, Anniss FM (2004) Production and health of pasture-fed dairy cattle following oral treatment with the ionophore lasalocid. Journal of Dairy Science 87:2967-2976.

[21] McIntosh FM, Williams P, Losa R, Wallace RJ, Beever DA, Newbold CJ (2003) Effects of essential oils on ruminal microorganisms and their protein metabolism. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69:5011-5014.

[22] Menke KH, Steingass H (1988) Estimation of the energetic feed value from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal research and development 28:7-55.

[23] National Research Council: NRC (1981) Nutritional energetic of domestic animals and glossary of terms.2nd Revision. Washington, DC, National Academy Press for National Research Council (NRC).

[24] Nezhad MT, Alipour D, Goudarzi MT, Zamani P, Khoudakaramian G (2011) Dose Response to Carvone Rich Essential Oils of Spearmint (Mentha Spicata L) In vitro Ruminant Fermentation Kinetics and Digestibility. Journal Agricultural Science Technology 13:1013-1020.

[25] Ogino A, Kaku K, Osada T, Shimada K (2004) Environmental impacts of the Japanese beef-fattening system with different feeding lengths as evaluated by a life-cycle assessment method. Journal of Animal Science 82:2115-2122.

[26] Oonincx DGAB, van Itterbeeck J, Heetkamp MJW, Van den Brand H, van Loon JJA (2010) An Exploration on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Production by Insect Species Suitable for Animal or Human Consumption. PLoS ONE 5:e14445.

[27] Parveen S, Lukasik J, Scott TM, Tamplin ML, Portier KM, Sheperd S, Braun K, Farrah SR (2006) Geographical variation in antibiotic resistance profiles of E.coli isolated from swine poultry beef and dairy cattle farm water retention ponds in Florida. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 100:50-57.

[28] Pauzenga U (1985) Feeding parent stock. Journal of Zoological Technology International 22-24.

[29] SAS (2010) Institute and SAS Publishing, SAS/IML Studio 3.3 for SAS/STAT Users. SAS institute

[30] Santra A, Karim SA (2003) Rumen manipulation to improve animal productivity. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science 5:748-763

[31] Sirohi SK, Mahta M, Goel N, Pandey P (2012) Effect of herbal plants oil addition in total mixed diets on anti-methanogenic activity, rumen fermentation and gas fermentation kinetics in vitro. Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resouces 2:3-80.

[32] Shinkai T, Enishi O, Mitsumori M, Hiquchi K, Kobayashi Y, Takenaka A, Nagashima K, Mochizuki M, Kobayash YI (2012) “Mitigation of Methane Production from Cattle by Feeding Cashew Nut Shell Liquid. Journal of Dairy Science 95:9.

[33] Van soest, PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA (1991) Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74:3583-3597

[34] Wang CJ, Wang SP, Zhou H (2009) Influences of flavomycin, ropadiar and saponin on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and methane emission from sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology 148:157-166.

[35] Wrage N, Velthof GL, van Beusichem ML, Oenema O (2001) Role of nitrifier denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 33:1723-1732.

[36] Yang S, Carlson K (2004) Routine monitoring of antibiotics in water and wastewater with a radioimmunoassay technique. Water Research 38:3155-3166.

Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology

Research Article | Vol. 8 Issue 2 (2020), e82-87 | Published in 22 November 2019

Effect of cashew nut shell liquid at varying inclusion levels on rumen fermentation and methane production in vitro

Abstract

References

How to cite