Effects of coat color pattern and sex on physiological traits and heat tolerance of indigenous goats exposed to solar radiation

Simon Patrick Baenyi; Ahadi Bwihangane Birindwa; Valence Bwana Mutwedu; Yannick Mugumaarhahama; Arthur Munga; Bienfait Mitima; Vanessa Wandja Kamgang; Rodrigue Basengere Balthazar Ayagirwe

doi:10.31893/jabb.20017

Keywords:

ambient temperature

heat stress

local goat

physiological reaction

South Kivu

Abstract

In this century, climate change is one of the major problems affecting livestock productivity. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of body coat color pattern and sex on heat regulation and heat stress tolerance in indigenous goat breeds exposed to solar radiation. In the experiment, 4 bucks and 4 does (8 to 9 months age) with black, white, grey and brown coat color were selected and exposed to solar radiation during 12 days during the summer period. Water and feed were served add libitum. The consumption were measured daily at 17:00 for each animal. Rectal temperature (RT) and rate pulse (PR) were measured three-time (7:00, 12:00, and 17:00) every day on each animal during the experimental period. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and immediately delivered to the lab to determine biochemical (serum protein: albumin and globulin), and hematological parameters. Exposing goats to temperature variation affected the physiological, hematological as well as biochemical parameters in all subjects. The female with a black body coat color was mostly affected. The heat stress induced an increase of RT and PR, an increase in water consumption while depression in food intake was observed. Blood platelets, hematocrits, red cell distribution, white blood cell and albumin were damaged in goats with black coat color compared to goats with white coat color. These variations in physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters in female black goat could affect its productive and reproductive performances in high-temperature environments.
References
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9. Chovatiya R, Medzhitov R (2014) Stress, inflammation, and defense of homeostasis. Molecular Cell 54:281-288.
10. Darcan, NK, Silanikove N (2018) The advantages of goats for future adaptation to Climate Change: A conceptual overview. Small Ruminant Research 163:34-38.
11. Davis MB, Shaw RG (2001) Range shifts and adaptive responses to Quaternary climate change. Science 292:673-679.
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30. Rojas-Downing MM, Nejadhashemi AP, Harrigan T, Woznicki SA (2017) Climate change and livestock: Impacts, adaptation, and mitigation. Climate Risk Management 16:145-163.
31. Roth Z, Arav A, Braw-Tal R, Bor A, Wolfenson D (2002) Effect of treatment with follicle-stimulating hormone or bovine somatotropin on the quality of oocytes aspirated in the autumn from previously heat-stressed cows. Journal of Dairy Science 85:398-1405.
32. Salama AAK, Caja G, Hamzaoui S, Badaoui B, Castro-Costa A, Facanha D E, Bozzi R (2014) Different levels of response to heat stress in dairy goats. Small Ruminant Research 121:73-79.
33. Salmon G (2018) Fact Check 2: Livestock and Economy.
34. Sanusi AO, Peters SO, Sonibare AO, Ozojie, MO (2011) Effect of coat color on heat stress among West African Dwarf sheep. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 38:28-36.
35. Schleger AV, Turner HG (1965) Sweating rates of cattle in the field and their reaction to diurnal and seasonal changes. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 16:92-106.
36. Shiva PS, Gopal D, Ramachandran N, Yogender K, Nandini S, Ashok K (2018) Endocrine and hematobiochemical profile of lambs raised in a semiarid region with different growth potentials during the postweaning period. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 42:120-129
37. Silanikove N (2000) Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants. Livestock Production Science 67:1-18.
38. Silanikove N (1997) Why goats raised on harsh environment perform better than other domesticated animals. Options Mediterraneennes 34:185-194.
39. Singh KB, Taneja SK (2010) Effect of long-term excessive Zn supplementation on blood lipid profile and tissue minerals status in wistar rat. Journal of Experimental Sciences 1:4-9.
40. Trinder P (1969) Determination of glucose in blood using glucose oxidase with an alternative oxygen acceptor. Annals of clinical Biochemistry 6:24-27.
41. Vagdatli E, Gounari E, Lazaridou E, Katsibourlia E, Tsikopoulou F, Labrianou I (2010) Platelet distribution width: a simple, practical and specific marker of activation of coagulation. Hippokratia 14:28-32.
42. Valente ÉEL, Chizzotti ML, Oliveira CVR, Galvão MC, Domingues SS, Castro Rodrigues A, Ladeira MM (2015) Intake, physiological parameters and behavior of Angus and Nellore bulls subjected to heat stress. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 36:4565-4574.
43. Wasso DS, Akilimali JI, Patrick B, Bajope JB (2018) Élevage caprin: Situation actuelle, défis et impact socio-économique sur la population du territoire de Walungu, République Démocratique du Congo. Journal of Applied Biosciences 129:13050-13060.
44. Wojtas K, Cwynar P, Kolacz R (2014) Effect of ther¬mal stress on physiological and blood parameters in merino sheep. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 58: 283-288.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Baenyi, S. P., Birindwa, A. B., Mutwedu, V. B., Mugumaarhahama, Y., Munga, A., Mitima, B., Kamgang, V. W., & Ayagirwe, R. B. B. (2020). Effects of coat color pattern and sex on physiological traits and heat tolerance of indigenous goats exposed to solar radiation. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology, 8(2), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.20017

[1] Acharya R M, Gupta U D, Sehgal JP, Singh M (1995) Coat characteristics of goats in relation to heat tolerance in the hot tropics. Small Ruminant Research 18:245-248.

[2] Alam, MM, Hashem MA, Rahman MM, Hossain MM, Haque MR, Sobhan Z, Islam MS (2011) Effect of heat stress on behavior, physiological and blood parameters of goat. Progressive Agriculture 22:37-45.

[3] Al-Dawood A (2017) Towards heat stress management in small ruminants–a review. Annals of Animal Science 17:59-88.

[4] Al-Eissa MS, Alkahtani S, Al-Farraj SA, Alarifi SA, Al-Dahmash B, Al-Yahya H (2012) Seasonal variation effects on the composition of blood in Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) in Saudi Arabia. African Journal of Biotechnology 11:1283–1286.

[5] Al-Haidary AA, Aljumaah RS, Alshaikh MA, Abdoun KA, Samara EM, Okab AB, Alfuraiji MM (2012) Thermoregulatory and physiological responses of Najdi Sheep exposed to environmental heat load prevailing in Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 32:515-519.

[6] Bhat SA, Mir MUR, Qadri S (2011) Hematological and biochemical parameters of Kashmiri goats in different climatic conditions. International Journal Agro Vet Med Science 5:481-487.

[7] Burtis CA, Ashwood ER (1994) Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry. Amer Assn for Clinical.

[8] Chaidanya K, Soren, NM, Sejian V, BagathM, Manjunathareddy GB, Kurien EK, Varma G, Bhatta R (2017) Impact of heat stress, nutritional stress and combined (heat and nutritional) stresses on rumen associated fermentation characteristics, histopathology and HSP70 gene expression in goats. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology 5:36-48.

[9] Chovatiya R, Medzhitov R (2014) Stress, inflammation, and defense of homeostasis. Molecular Cell 54:281-288.

[10] Darcan, NK, Silanikove N (2018) The advantages of goats for future adaptation to Climate Change: A conceptual overview. Small Ruminant Research 163:34-38.

[11] Davis MB, Shaw RG (2001) Range shifts and adaptive responses to Quaternary climate change. Science 292:673-679.

[12] Etim NN, Williams ME, Evans EI, Offiong EEA (2013) Physiological and behavioral responses of farm animals to stress: Implications to animal productivity. American Journal of Advanced Agricultural Research 1:53-61.

[13] Gaughan JB, Ebi KL, Burton I, McGregor GR (2009) Response of domestic animals to climate challenges. In Biometeorology for adaptation to climate variability and change: Springer Berlin: Germany 131-17.

[14] Gupta M, Mondal T (2019) Heat stress and thermoregulatory responses of goats: a review. Biological Rhythm Research 1-27.

[15] Gupta SK, Shinde KP, Lone SA, Thakur A, Kumar N (2016) The potential Impact of heat stress on production and reproduction of dairy animals: Consequences and possible solutions: A Review. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology 5:903-911.

[16] Hahn GL, Mader TL, (1997) Heat waves in relation to thermoregulation, feeding behavior and mortality of feedlot cattle. In Proceedings, Fifth International Livestock Environment Symposium.

[17] Helal A, Hashem ALS, Abdel-Fattah MS, El-Shaer HM, (2010) Effect of heat stress on coat characteristics and physiological responses of Balady and Damascus goats in Sinai, Egypt. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science 7:60-69.

[18] Kaplan A, Glucose KA (1984) Clin chem The CV Mosby Co. St Louis. Toronto. Princeton 436.

[19] Lefcourt AM, Bitman J, Wood DL, Stroud B (1986) Radio telemetry system for continuously monitoring temperature in cows. Journal of Dairy Science 69:237-242.

[20] Mayengbam P, Tolenkhomba TC, Upadhyay RC (2016) Expression of heat-shock protein 72 mRNA in relation to heart rate variability of Sahiwal and Karan-Fries in different temperature-humidity indices. Veterinary World 9:1051.

[21] Lu CD, (1989) Effect of heat stress on goat production. Small Ruminant Research 2:151-162.

[22] McDowell RE, Hooven NE, Comoers JK (1976) Effect of climate on performance of Holstein in first lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 59:965-973.

[23] McManus C, Paludo GR, Louvandini H, Gugel R, Sasaki LCB, Paiva SR (2009) Heat tolerance in Brazilian sheep: physiological and blood parameters. Tropical Animal Health and Production 41:95-101.

[24] Minka NS, Ayo JO (2016) Effects of cold-dry (Harmattan) and hot-dry seasons on daily rhythms of rectal and body surface temperatures in sheep and goats in a natural tropical environment. Journal Circadian Rhythms 14:1-11.

[25] Ocak S, Darcan N, Cankaya S, Inal TC, (2009) Physiological and biochemical responses in German fawn kids subjected to cooling treatments under Mediterranean climate condition. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 33:455-461.

[26] Okoruwa MI (2015) Effect of coat characteristics on physiological traits and heat tolerance of West African Dwarf sheep in Southern Nigeria. Open Journal of Animal Sciences 5:351.

[27] Peters KJ, Horst P, Kleinheisterkamp HH (1982) The importance of coat color and coat type as indicators of productive adaptability of beef cattle in a subtropical environment. Tropical Animal Production 7:296-304.

[28] Renaudeau D, Collin A, Yahav S, De Basilio V, Gourdine JL, Collier RJ (2012) Adaptation to hot climate and strategies to alleviate heat stress in livestock production. Animal 6:707-728.

[29] Ribeiro NL, Costa RG, Pimenta Filho EC, Ribeiro MN, Bozzi R (2018) Effects of the dry and the rainy season on endocrine and physiologic profiles of goats in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Italian Journal Animal Science 17:454-461.

[30] Rojas-Downing MM, Nejadhashemi AP, Harrigan T, Woznicki SA (2017) Climate change and livestock: Impacts, adaptation, and mitigation. Climate Risk Management 16:145-163.

[31] Roth Z, Arav A, Braw-Tal R, Bor A, Wolfenson D (2002) Effect of treatment with follicle-stimulating hormone or bovine somatotropin on the quality of oocytes aspirated in the autumn from previously heat-stressed cows. Journal of Dairy Science 85:398-1405.

[32] Salama AAK, Caja G, Hamzaoui S, Badaoui B, Castro-Costa A, Facanha D E, Bozzi R (2014) Different levels of response to heat stress in dairy goats. Small Ruminant Research 121:73-79.

[33] Salmon G (2018) Fact Check 2: Livestock and Economy.

[34] Sanusi AO, Peters SO, Sonibare AO, Ozojie, MO (2011) Effect of coat color on heat stress among West African Dwarf sheep. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 38:28-36.

[35] Schleger AV, Turner HG (1965) Sweating rates of cattle in the field and their reaction to diurnal and seasonal changes. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 16:92-106.

[36] Shiva PS, Gopal D, Ramachandran N, Yogender K, Nandini S, Ashok K (2018) Endocrine and hematobiochemical profile of lambs raised in a semiarid region with different growth potentials during the postweaning period. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 42:120-129

[37] Silanikove N (2000) Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants. Livestock Production Science 67:1-18.

[38] Silanikove N (1997) Why goats raised on harsh environment perform better than other domesticated animals. Options Mediterraneennes 34:185-194.

[39] Singh KB, Taneja SK (2010) Effect of long-term excessive Zn supplementation on blood lipid profile and tissue minerals status in wistar rat. Journal of Experimental Sciences 1:4-9.

[40] Trinder P (1969) Determination of glucose in blood using glucose oxidase with an alternative oxygen acceptor. Annals of clinical Biochemistry 6:24-27.

[41] Vagdatli E, Gounari E, Lazaridou E, Katsibourlia E, Tsikopoulou F, Labrianou I (2010) Platelet distribution width: a simple, practical and specific marker of activation of coagulation. Hippokratia 14:28-32.

[42] Valente ÉEL, Chizzotti ML, Oliveira CVR, Galvão MC, Domingues SS, Castro Rodrigues A, Ladeira MM (2015) Intake, physiological parameters and behavior of Angus and Nellore bulls subjected to heat stress. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 36:4565-4574.

[43] Wasso DS, Akilimali JI, Patrick B, Bajope JB (2018) Élevage caprin: Situation actuelle, défis et impact socio-économique sur la population du territoire de Walungu, République Démocratique du Congo. Journal of Applied Biosciences 129:13050-13060.

[44] Wojtas K, Cwynar P, Kolacz R (2014) Effect of ther¬mal stress on physiological and blood parameters in merino sheep. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 58: 283-288.

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How to cite