Reducing poultry preslaughter losses: crating density effects under different lairage periods at slaughterhouse

Frederico Márcio Corrêa Vieira; Iran José Oliveira da Silva; José Antonio Delfino Barbosa Filho; Afrânio Márcio Corrêa Vieira

doi:10.14269/2318-1265.v01n01a01

Keywords:

biometeorology

mortality

broiler chicken

pre-slaughter operation

lairage

Abstract

The aim of this work was to assess the effects of densities per crate on mortality rates of broilers during pre-slaughter operations, under different lairage time intervals. Pre-slaughter data from 13,937 broiler flocks were recorded daily during 2006, in a commercial slaughterhouse in southeastern Brazil. The main factors which influenced mortality rates were assessed, such as density per crate, daily periods and lairage time in an environmental controlled lairage. For densities above seven birds per crate, an increase in mortality rates was verified mainly in the warm periods. During the night period, the highest incidence of death losses was noticed when the density was below six birds. Considered a controlled environment, the desirable lairage time for death reduction before arrival at the slaughterhouse was above three hours for higher densities and below one hour for densities below seven birds per crate.
References
1. Akşit M, Yalçin S, Özkan S, Metin K, Özdemir D (2006) Effects of temperature during rearing and crating on stress parameters and meat quality or broilers. Poultry Science 85:1867-1874.
2. Baker CJ (1994) Aerodynamics of poultry transporters: implications for environmental control. World's Poultry Science Journal 50:62-63.
3. Balnave D (1998) Increased utilization of sensible heat loss mechanisms in high temperature, high humidity conditions. World's Poultry Science Journal 54:69-72.
4. Barbosa Filho JAD, Vieira FMC, Silva IJO, Garcia DB, Silva MAN, Fonseca BH (2009) Transporte de frangos: caracterização do microclima da carga durante a estação de inverno. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 38:2442-2446.
5. Bayliss PA, Hinton MH (1990) Transportation of broilers with special reference to mortality rates. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 28:93-118.
6. Brossi C, Contreras-Castillo CJ, Amazonas EA, Menten JF (2009) Estresse térmico durante o pré-abate em frangos de corte. Ciência Rural 34:1296-1305.
7. Delezie E, Swennen Q, Buyse J, Decuypere E (2007) The effect of feed withdrawal and crating density in transit on metabolism and meat quality of broilers at slaughter weight. Poultry Science 86:1414-1423.
8. Dunn, PK, Smyth GK (2006) dglm: Double generalized linear models. R package version 1.6.1. http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/dglm/index.html Accessado em 23 de maio de 2007.
9. Hunter RR (1998) Physiological responses of broilers to pre-slaughter lairage: effects of the thermal micro-environment? British Poultry Science 39:53-54.
10. Knight K (2000) Mathematical statistics. Chapman and Hall, Boca Raton.
11. McCullagh P, Nelder JA (1989) Generalized linear models. Chapman and Hall, London.
12. Mitchell MA, Kettlewell PJ (1998) Physiological stress and welfare of broiler chickens in transit: solutions not problems! Poultry Science 77:1803-1814.
13. Nicol, CJ, Scott GB (1990) Pre-slaughter handling and transport of broiler chickens. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 28: 57-73.
14. Nijdam E, Arens P, Lambooij E, Decuypere E, Stegeman JA (2004) Factors influencing bruises and mortality of broilers during catching, transport, and lairage. Poultry Science 83:1610-1615.
15. Petracci M, Bianchi M, Cavani C, Gaspari P, Lavazza A (2006) Preslaughter mortality in broiler chickens, turkeys and spent hens under commercial slaughtering. Poultry Science 85:1660-1664.
16. Quinn AD, Kettlewell PJ, Mitchell MA, Knowles T (1998) Air movement and the thermal microclimates observed in poultry lairages. British Poultry Science 39: 469–476.
17. R Development Core Team (2006) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. http://www.r-project.org/ Acessado dia 23 de maio de 2007.
18. Ritz CW, Webster AB, Czarick M (2005) Evaluation of hot weather thermal environment and incidence of mortality associated with broiler live haul. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 14:594-602.
19. Silva IJO, Vieira, FMC (2010) Ambiência animal e as perdas produtivas no manejo pré-abate: o caso da avicultura de corte brasileira. Archivos de Zootecnia 59:113-131.
20. Simmons JD, Lott BD, May JD (1997) Heat loss from broiler chickens subjected to various air speeds and ambient temperatures. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 13:665-669.
21. Simões GS, Oba A, Matsuo T, Rossa A, Shimokomaki M, Ida EI (2009) Vehicle thermal microclimate evaluation during Brazilian summer broiler transport and the occurrence of PSE (pale, soft, exudative) meat. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 52:195-204.
22. Smyth GK, Verbyla AP (1999) Adjusted likelihood methods for modeling dispersion in generalized linear models. Environmetrics 10:695-709.
23. Vieira FMC, Silva IJO, Barbosa Filho JAD, Vieira AMC (2010) Productive losses on broiler preslaughter operations: effects of the distance from farms to abattoirs and of lairage time in a climatized holding area. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 39: 2471-2476.
24. Warriss PD, Bevis EA, Brown SN, Edwards JE (1992) Longer journeys to processing plants are associated with higher mortality in broiler chickens. British Poultry Science 33:201-206.
25. Warriss PD, Knowles TG, Brown SN, Edwards JE, Kettlewell PJ, Mitchell MA, Baxter CA (1999) Effects of lairage time on body temperature and glycogen reserves of broiler chickens held in transport modules. Veterinary Record 145:218-212.
26. Yalçin S, Özkan S, Oktay G, Çabuk M, Erbayraktar Z, Bilgili SF (2004) Age-related effects of catching, crating and transportation at different seasons on core body temperature and physiological blood parameters in broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 13:549-560.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Vieira, F. M. C., Silva, . I. J. O. da, Barbosa Filho, J. A. D., & Vieira, A. M. C. (2013). Reducing poultry preslaughter losses: crating density effects under different lairage periods at slaughterhouse. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology, 1(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.14269/2318-1265.v01n01a01

[1] Akşit M, Yalçin S, Özkan S, Metin K, Özdemir D (2006) Effects of temperature during rearing and crating on stress parameters and meat quality or broilers. Poultry Science 85:1867-1874.

[2] Baker CJ (1994) Aerodynamics of poultry transporters: implications for environmental control. World's Poultry Science Journal 50:62-63.

[3] Balnave D (1998) Increased utilization of sensible heat loss mechanisms in high temperature, high humidity conditions. World's Poultry Science Journal 54:69-72.

[4] Barbosa Filho JAD, Vieira FMC, Silva IJO, Garcia DB, Silva MAN, Fonseca BH (2009) Transporte de frangos: caracterização do microclima da carga durante a estação de inverno. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 38:2442-2446.

[5] Bayliss PA, Hinton MH (1990) Transportation of broilers with special reference to mortality rates. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 28:93-118.

[6] Brossi C, Contreras-Castillo CJ, Amazonas EA, Menten JF (2009) Estresse térmico durante o pré-abate em frangos de corte. Ciência Rural 34:1296-1305.

[7] Delezie E, Swennen Q, Buyse J, Decuypere E (2007) The effect of feed withdrawal and crating density in transit on metabolism and meat quality of broilers at slaughter weight. Poultry Science 86:1414-1423.

[8] Dunn, PK, Smyth GK (2006) dglm: Double generalized linear models. R package version 1.6.1. http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/dglm/index.html Accessado em 23 de maio de 2007.

[9] Hunter RR (1998) Physiological responses of broilers to pre-slaughter lairage: effects of the thermal micro-environment? British Poultry Science 39:53-54.

[10] Knight K (2000) Mathematical statistics. Chapman and Hall, Boca Raton.

[11] McCullagh P, Nelder JA (1989) Generalized linear models. Chapman and Hall, London.

[12] Mitchell MA, Kettlewell PJ (1998) Physiological stress and welfare of broiler chickens in transit: solutions not problems! Poultry Science 77:1803-1814.

[13] Nicol, CJ, Scott GB (1990) Pre-slaughter handling and transport of broiler chickens. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 28: 57-73.

[14] Nijdam E, Arens P, Lambooij E, Decuypere E, Stegeman JA (2004) Factors influencing bruises and mortality of broilers during catching, transport, and lairage. Poultry Science 83:1610-1615.

[15] Petracci M, Bianchi M, Cavani C, Gaspari P, Lavazza A (2006) Preslaughter mortality in broiler chickens, turkeys and spent hens under commercial slaughtering. Poultry Science 85:1660-1664.

[16] Quinn AD, Kettlewell PJ, Mitchell MA, Knowles T (1998) Air movement and the thermal microclimates observed in poultry lairages. British Poultry Science 39: 469–476.

[17] R Development Core Team (2006) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. http://www.r-project.org/ Acessado dia 23 de maio de 2007.

[18] Ritz CW, Webster AB, Czarick M (2005) Evaluation of hot weather thermal environment and incidence of mortality associated with broiler live haul. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 14:594-602.

[19] Silva IJO, Vieira, FMC (2010) Ambiência animal e as perdas produtivas no manejo pré-abate: o caso da avicultura de corte brasileira. Archivos de Zootecnia 59:113-131.

[20] Simmons JD, Lott BD, May JD (1997) Heat loss from broiler chickens subjected to various air speeds and ambient temperatures. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 13:665-669.

[21] Simões GS, Oba A, Matsuo T, Rossa A, Shimokomaki M, Ida EI (2009) Vehicle thermal microclimate evaluation during Brazilian summer broiler transport and the occurrence of PSE (pale, soft, exudative) meat. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 52:195-204.

[22] Smyth GK, Verbyla AP (1999) Adjusted likelihood methods for modeling dispersion in generalized linear models. Environmetrics 10:695-709.

[23] Vieira FMC, Silva IJO, Barbosa Filho JAD, Vieira AMC (2010) Productive losses on broiler preslaughter operations: effects of the distance from farms to abattoirs and of lairage time in a climatized holding area. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 39: 2471-2476.

[24] Warriss PD, Bevis EA, Brown SN, Edwards JE (1992) Longer journeys to processing plants are associated with higher mortality in broiler chickens. British Poultry Science 33:201-206.

[25] Warriss PD, Knowles TG, Brown SN, Edwards JE, Kettlewell PJ, Mitchell MA, Baxter CA (1999) Effects of lairage time on body temperature and glycogen reserves of broiler chickens held in transport modules. Veterinary Record 145:218-212.

[26] Yalçin S, Özkan S, Oktay G, Çabuk M, Erbayraktar Z, Bilgili SF (2004) Age-related effects of catching, crating and transportation at different seasons on core body temperature and physiological blood parameters in broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 13:549-560.

Abstract

References

How to cite