Feed sorting of beef cattle in a feedlot fed different forages and housed in individual or collective pens

Sergio Antonio Schwartz Custodio; Flavio Lopes Claudio; Estenio Moreira Alves; Guido Calgaro Júnior; Tiago do Prado Paim; Eduardo Rodrigues de  Carvalho

doi:10.14269/2318-1265/jabb.v4n2p55-64

Keywords:

Abstract

Feed sorting is a natural behavior of cattle that can result in inconsistencies in the nutritive value of the diet. Twenty-four non-castrated F1 Red Norte × Nelore males with an average initial body weight of 439.8 ± 59.6 kg and 21.7± 2.7 months of age were distributed in three experimental groups, and housed either in individual (12 animals) or collective pens (12 animals in three collective pens) at the Cattle Research and Education Center of the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (Campus Iporá). The experiment lasted 84 days (14 days of adaptation and 70 days for data collection). Animals were fed diets containing sugar cane in natura (CI), sugar cane silage (SC) or corn silage (CS) as sources of forage. Feed sorting was determined every 14 days at 4, 10, and 24 hours post-feeding using a three-screen and a bottom pan (Penn State Particle Separator) to yield long (>19 mm), medium (<19, >8 mm), short (<8, >1.18 mm) and fine (<1.18 mm) particles. There was no effect (P>0.05) of source of forage on feed sorting for long, medium, and short particles. CS increased (P<0.05) sorting against fine particles compared with CI and SC. There was no response (P>0.05) of type of housing on feed sorting. The sources of forage evaluated in this study resulted in preferential consumption for long and medium particles, which may be beneficial for rumen health.
References
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5. DeVries TJ, von Keyserlingk MAG, Beauchemin KA (2005) Frequency of feed delivery affects the behavior of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73040-X
6. DeVries TJ, Schwaiger T, Beauchemin KA et al (2014) The duration of time that beef cattle are fed a high-grain diet affects feed sorting behavior both before and after acute ruminal acidosis. Journal of Animal Science. doi:10.2527/jas2013-7252
7. Felton CA, DeVries TJ (2010) Effect of water addition to a total mixed ration on feed temperature, feed intake, sorting behavior, and milk production of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.2009-3009
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10. Kononoff PJ, Heinrichs AJ, Buckmaster DR (2003) Modification of the Penn State forage and total mixed ration particle separator and the effects of moisture content on its measurements. Journal of Dairy Science. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73773-4
11. Krause KM, Oetzel GR (2006) Understanding and preventing subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.08.004
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14. Leonardi C, Armentano LE (2007) Short communication: Feed selection by dairy cows fed individually in a tie-stall or as a group in a free-stall barn. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.2006-537
15. Leonardi C, Giannico F, Armentano LE (2005a) Effect of water addition on selective consumption (sorting) of dry diets by dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72772-7
16. Leonardi C, Shinners KJ, Armentano LE (2005b) Effect of different dietary geometric mean particle length and particle size distribution of oat silage on feeding behavior and productive performance of dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72734-X
17. Miller-Cushon EK, DeVries TJ (2009) Effect of dietary dry matter concentration on the sorting behavior of lactating dairy cows fed a total mixed ration. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.2008-1772
18. National Research Council – NRC (2000) Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. 7th revised edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
19. R Core Team (2014) A language and environment for statistical computing. Viena: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Disponível em: http://www.R-project.org/. Acessado em 05 de outubro de 2015.
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22. Zopollatto M, Daniel JLP, Nussio LG (2009) Aditivos microbiológicos em silagens no Brasil: revisão dos aspectos da ensilagem e do desempenho de animais. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 38:170-189.

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How to cite

Custodio , S. A. S., Claudio , F. L., Alves , E. M., Calgaro Júnior , G., Paim , T. do P., & Carvalho , E. R. de. (2024). Feed sorting of beef cattle in a feedlot fed different forages and housed in individual or collective pens. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology, 4(2), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.14269/2318-1265/jabb.v4n2p55-64

[1] Association Of Official Analytical Chemists – AOAC (2000) Official methods of analysis. 17th ed. AOAC International.

[2] Cooper SDB, Kyriazakis I, Oldham JD (1996) The effects of physical form of feed, carbohydrate source, and inclusion of sodium bicarbonate on the diet selections of sheep. Journal of Animal Science. doi: /1996.7461240x

[3] DeVries TJ, Beauchemin KA, von Keyserlingk MAG (2007) Dietary forage concentration affects the feed sorting behavior of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. doi:10.3168/jds.2007-0370

[4] DeVries TJ, Dohme F, Beauchemin KA (2008) Repeated ruminal acidosis challenges in lactating dairy cows at high and low risk for developing acidosis: feed sorting. Journal of Dairy Science. doi:10.3168/jds.2008-1347

[5] DeVries TJ, von Keyserlingk MAG, Beauchemin KA (2005) Frequency of feed delivery affects the behavior of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73040-X

[6] DeVries TJ, Schwaiger T, Beauchemin KA et al (2014) The duration of time that beef cattle are fed a high-grain diet affects feed sorting behavior both before and after acute ruminal acidosis. Journal of Animal Science. doi:10.2527/jas2013-7252

[7] Felton CA, DeVries TJ (2010) Effect of water addition to a total mixed ration on feed temperature, feed intake, sorting behavior, and milk production of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.2009-3009

[8] Goering HK, Van Soest PJ (1970) Forage fiber analysis (Apparatus, Reagents, Procedures and Some Applications) Agricultural Handbook nº 379. Agricultural Research Service – USDA, Washington, DC.

[9] Hosseinkhani A, DeVries TJ, Proudfoot, KL et al (2008) The effects of feed bunk competition on the feed sorting behavior of close-up dry cows. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.2007-0679

[10] Kononoff PJ, Heinrichs AJ, Buckmaster DR (2003) Modification of the Penn State forage and total mixed ration particle separator and the effects of moisture content on its measurements. Journal of Dairy Science. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73773-4

[11] Krause KM, Oetzel GR (2006) Understanding and preventing subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.08.004

[12] Lammers BP, Buckmaster DR, Heinrichs AJ (1996) A simple method for the analysis of particle sizes of forage and total mixed rations. Journal of Dairy Science. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76442-1

[13] Leonardi C, Armentano LE (2003) Effect of quantity, quality, and length of alfalfa hay on selective consumption by dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73634-0

[14] Leonardi C, Armentano LE (2007) Short communication: Feed selection by dairy cows fed individually in a tie-stall or as a group in a free-stall barn. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.2006-537

[15] Leonardi C, Giannico F, Armentano LE (2005a) Effect of water addition on selective consumption (sorting) of dry diets by dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72772-7

[16] Leonardi C, Shinners KJ, Armentano LE (2005b) Effect of different dietary geometric mean particle length and particle size distribution of oat silage on feeding behavior and productive performance of dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72734-X

[17] Miller-Cushon EK, DeVries TJ (2009) Effect of dietary dry matter concentration on the sorting behavior of lactating dairy cows fed a total mixed ration. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.2008-1772

[18] National Research Council – NRC (2000) Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. 7th revised edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.

[19] R Core Team (2014) A language and environment for statistical computing. Viena: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Disponível em: http://www.R-project.org/. Acessado em 05 de outubro de 2015.

[20] Stone WC (2004) Nutritional approaches to minimize subacute ruminal acidosis and laminitis in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)70057-0

[21] Stricklin WR, Kautz-Scanavy CC (1984) The role of behavior in cattle production: a review of research. Applied Animal Ethology 11:359-390.

[22] Zopollatto M, Daniel JLP, Nussio LG (2009) Aditivos microbiológicos em silagens no Brasil: revisão dos aspectos da ensilagem e do desempenho de animais. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 38:170-189.

Abstract

References

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