Effect of temperature on the physiological characteristics of Awassi and crossbred sheep

Osama Anwer Saeed; Rawaa Turk Abdulghafoor; Sawsan Sabir Al-Salmany; Faris Mahmoud Ali; Anjas Asmara Samsudin; Elham Khalifa Mahmood

doi:10.31893/jabb.23031

Keywords:

Adaptation

Awassi

infrared thermography

physiological response

temperature

Abstract

This research was carried out to analyze the hematological, biochemical and physiological characteristics correlated with climate temperature in Awassi and crossbred sheep. Two hundred fifty adult Awassi and crossbred sheep (Arabi x Hamadani) were used. Three times weekly, ten times for each breed, vital signs, including heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), and skin temperature (ST), were recorded. The heat tolerance indices (HT) and the heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) were evaluated. SAS was used to conduct the analyses, which included variance and correlation analyses. Awassi had a significantly higher (P < 0.01) RR than crossbred in the summer under low stress conditions. Awassi HR was significantly lower than that of crossbred sheep, which recorded the highest value in summer. There were no significant differences in RT, HT and HTC between Awassi and crossbred sheep. MCH, MCV, and RDW increased substantially in Awassi sheep exposed to colder winter temperatures. In summer, Awassi's liver enzyme and triglyceride levels significantly decreased, while albumin levels increased. Both HT and HTC had negative correlations with RR. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Awassi breed is equally adapted to the region's hot and arid climate.
References
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24. Nedeva I, Slavov T, Varlyakov I, Radev V, Panayotov D (2019) Haematological and blood biochemical parameters in Lacaune dairy sheep. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 25, 91-95.
25. Oikonomidis IL, Brozos C, Kiossis E, Kritsepi‐Konstantinou M (2018) Combined and breed‐specific RIs for hematologic, biochemical, and hormonal analytes in Chios and Florina adult rams. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 47, 56-68.
26. Ouarda TB, Charron C, Kumar KN, Phanikumar DV, Molini A, Basha G (2019) Nonstationary warm spell frequency analysis integrating climate variability and change with application to the Middle East. Climate Dynamics 53, 5329-5347.
27. Pinto S, Hoffmann G, Ammon C, Amon T (2020) Critical THI thresholds based on the physiological parameters of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Thermal Biology 88, 102523.
28. Rahman MK, Islam S, Ferdous J, Uddin MH, Hossain MB, Hassan MM, Islam A (2018) Determination of hematological and serum biochemical reference values for indigenous sheep (Ovies aries) in Dhaka and Chittagong Districts of Bangladesh. Veterinary World 11, 1089.
29. Rathwa SD, Vasava A, Pathan M, Madhira S, Patel Y, Pande A (2017) Effect of season on physiological, biochemical, hormonal, and oxidative stress parameters of indigenous sheep. Veterinary World 10, 650.
30. Saeed O, Jaber B, Mohammed M, Sani U, Ziara K, Saad H (2021) 'Impacts of heat stress on blood metabolic in different periods of lactation and pregnancy in Holstein cows, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.' (IOP Publishing:Vol. 779, No. 1, p. 012013).
31. Sailo L, Gupta I, Das R, Chaudhari M (2017) Physiological response to thermal stress in Sahiwal and Karan Fries cows. International Journal of Livestock Research 7, 275-283.
32. Seixas, L de Melo, CB Tanure, CB Peripolli, V, McManus, C (2017) Heat tolerance in Brazilian hair sheep. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 30, 593.
33. Silanikove N (2000) Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants. Livestock Production Science 67, 1-18.
34. Singh KM, Singh S, Ganguly I, Ganguly A, Nachiappan RK, Chopra A, Narula H (2016) Evaluation of Indian sheep breeds of arid zone under heat stress condition. Small Ruminant Research 141, 113-117.
35. Titto CG, Veríssimo CJ, Pereira AMF, de Mira Geraldo A, Katiki LM, Titto EAL (2016) Thermoregulatory response in hair sheep and shorn wool sheep. Small Ruminant Research 144, 341-345.
36. Umar SIU, Konwar D, Khan A, Bhat MA, Javid F, Jeelani R, Nabi B, Najar AA, Kumar D, Brahma B (2021) Delineation of temperature-humidity index (THI) as indicator of heat stress in riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) of a sub-tropical Indian region. Cell Stress and Chaperones 26, 657-669.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to cite

Saeed, O. A., Abdulghafoor, R. T., Al-Salmany, S. S., Ali, F. M., Samsudin, A. A., & Mahmood, E. K. (2023). Effect of temperature on the physiological characteristics of Awassi and crossbred sheep. Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology, 11(4), 2023031. https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.23031

[1] Al-Azzawi SH, Khalil RI, Mohammed ZI (2017) Effect of Vitamin C administration on heat tolerance of local and Turkish Awassi sheep in Diyala Province of Iraq. Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research 16, 288-297.

[2] Al-Barzinji YM, Othman GU (2013) Genetic polymorphism in FecB gene in Iraqi sheep breeds using RFLP-PCR technique. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 2, 46-48.

[3] Al-Thuwaini TM, Al-Shuhaib MBS, Hussein ZM (2020) A novel T177P missense variant in the HSPA8 gene associated with the low tolerance of Awassi sheep to heat stress. Tropical Animal Health and Production 52, 2405-2416.

[4] Alfonzo EPM, Barbosa da Silva MVG, dos Santos Daltro D, Stumpf MT, Dalcin VC, Kolling G, Fischer V, McManus CM (2016) Relationship between physical attributes and heat stress in dairy cattle from different genetic groups. International Journal of Biometeorology 60, 245-253.

[5] Attia NE-S (2016) Physiological, hematological and biochemical alterations in heat stressed goats. Benha Veterinary Medical Journal 31, 56-62.

[6] Avendaño-Reyes L, Macías-Cruz U, Correa-Calderón A, Mellado M, Corrales JL, Corrales G, Ramirez-Bribiesca E, Guerra-Liera JE (2020) Biological responses of hair sheep to a permanent shade during a short heat stress exposure in an arid region. Small Ruminant Research 189, 106146.

[7] de Andrade Pantoja MH, Esteves SN, Jacinto MAC, Pezzopane JRM, de Paz CCP, da Silva JAR, Junior JdBL, Brandão FZ, Moura ABB, Romanello N (2017) Thermoregulation of male sheep of indigenous or exotic breeds in a tropical environment. Journal of Thermal Biology 69, 302-310.

[8] Dhuha J, Muayad M, Saeed O, Al-Bayar M, Saeid Z, Al Bakri S, Musa HC, Safaa A, Abed Q, Kaabi S, (2021) Tropical seasonal changes impact on hematological parameters of goats. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 46, 219-226.

[9] Farias Machado NA, Filho JADB, de Oliveira KPL, Parente MdOM, de Siqueira JC, Pereira AM, Santos ARD, Sousa JMS, Rocha KS, Viveiros KKdS (2020) Biological rhythm of goats and sheep in response to heat stress. Biological Rhythm Research 51, 1044-1052.

[10] Gaughan J, Mader T, Gebremedhin K, Collier R, Collier J (2012) Environmental Physiology of Livestock. pp. 243–65. Wiley-Blackwell, West Sussex, UK.

[11] Gesualdi Júnior A, Sales ÉSV, Freitas RS, Henry FdC, Oliveira VdPSd, Gesualdi ACLdS (2014) Effects of heat stress on the physiological parameters and productivity of hair sheep in tropical and coastal environments. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 43, 556-560.

[12] Habeeb AA, Gad AE, Atta MA (2018) Temperature-humidity indices as indicators to heat stress of climatic conditions with relation to production and reproduction of farm animals. International Journal of Biotechnology and Recent Advances 1, 35-50.

[13] Hussain SO, Badry KA, Zalzala SJ, Zakri AM (2017) Activity of transaminase enzyme and testosterone hormone in blood of Awassi rams during different season. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction 6, 217.

[14] Jackson P, Cockcroft P (2008) 'Clinical examination of farm animals.' (John Wiley & Sons:

[15] Joy A, Dunshea FR, Leury BJ, Clarke IJ, DiGiacomo K, Chauhan SS (2020) Resilience of small ruminants to climate change and increased environmental temperature: a review. Animals 10, 867.

[16] Kim WS, Lee J-S, Jeon SW, Peng DQ, Kim YS, Bae MH, Jo YH, Lee HG (2018) Correlation between blood, physiological and behavioral parameters in beef calves under heat stress. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 31, 919.

[17] Leite JHGM, Da Silva RG, da Silva WST, da Silva WE, Asensio LAB, Façanha DAE (2017) Adaptive evaluation of different coat colour of Morada Nova sheep in an equatorial semiarid region. Journal Contribution 1, 5195125.

[18] Liu J, Li L, Chen X, Lu Y, Wang D (2019) Effects of heat stress on body temperature, milk production, and reproduction in dairy cows: A novel idea for monitoring and evaluation of heat stress—A review. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 32, 1332.

[19] Lu Z, Chu M, Li Q, Jin M, Fei X, Ma L, Zhang L, Wei C (2019) Transcriptomic analysis provides novel insights into heat stress responses in sheep. Animals 9, 387.

[20] Macías-Cruz U, López-Baca M, Vicente R, Mejía A, Álvarez F, Correa-Calderón A, Meza-Herrera C, Mellado M, Guerra-Liera J, Avendaño-Reyes L (2016) Effects of seasonal ambient heat stress (spring vs. summer) on physiological and metabolic variables in hair sheep located in an arid region. International Journal of Biometeorology 60, 1279-1286.

[21] Macías‐Cruz U, Gastélum MA, Álvarez FD, Correa A, Díaz R, Meza‐Herrera CA, Mellado M, Avendaño‐Reyes L (2016) Effects of summer heat stress on physiological variables, ovulation and progesterone secretion in Pelibuey ewes under natural outdoor conditions in an arid region. Animal Science Journal 87, 354-360.

[22] McManus C, Paludo GR, Louvandini H, Gugel R, Sasaki LCB, Paiva SR (2009) Heat tolerance in Brazilian sheep: physiological and blood parameters. Tropical Animal Health and Production 41, 95-101.

[23] Naqvi SM, De K, Gowane G (2013) Sheep production system in arid and semi-arid regions of India. Annals of Arid Zone 52, 1-9.

[24] Nedeva I, Slavov T, Varlyakov I, Radev V, Panayotov D (2019) Haematological and blood biochemical parameters in Lacaune dairy sheep. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 25, 91-95.

[25] Oikonomidis IL, Brozos C, Kiossis E, Kritsepi‐Konstantinou M (2018) Combined and breed‐specific RIs for hematologic, biochemical, and hormonal analytes in Chios and Florina adult rams. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 47, 56-68.

[26] Ouarda TB, Charron C, Kumar KN, Phanikumar DV, Molini A, Basha G (2019) Nonstationary warm spell frequency analysis integrating climate variability and change with application to the Middle East. Climate Dynamics 53, 5329-5347.

[27] Pinto S, Hoffmann G, Ammon C, Amon T (2020) Critical THI thresholds based on the physiological parameters of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Thermal Biology 88, 102523.

[28] Rahman MK, Islam S, Ferdous J, Uddin MH, Hossain MB, Hassan MM, Islam A (2018) Determination of hematological and serum biochemical reference values for indigenous sheep (Ovies aries) in Dhaka and Chittagong Districts of Bangladesh. Veterinary World 11, 1089.

[29] Rathwa SD, Vasava A, Pathan M, Madhira S, Patel Y, Pande A (2017) Effect of season on physiological, biochemical, hormonal, and oxidative stress parameters of indigenous sheep. Veterinary World 10, 650.

[30] Saeed O, Jaber B, Mohammed M, Sani U, Ziara K, Saad H (2021) 'Impacts of heat stress on blood metabolic in different periods of lactation and pregnancy in Holstein cows, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.' (IOP Publishing:Vol. 779, No. 1, p. 012013).

[31] Sailo L, Gupta I, Das R, Chaudhari M (2017) Physiological response to thermal stress in Sahiwal and Karan Fries cows. International Journal of Livestock Research 7, 275-283.

[32] Seixas, L de Melo, CB Tanure, CB Peripolli, V, McManus, C (2017) Heat tolerance in Brazilian hair sheep. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 30, 593.

[33] Silanikove N (2000) Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants. Livestock Production Science 67, 1-18.

[34] Singh KM, Singh S, Ganguly I, Ganguly A, Nachiappan RK, Chopra A, Narula H (2016) Evaluation of Indian sheep breeds of arid zone under heat stress condition. Small Ruminant Research 141, 113-117.

[35] Titto CG, Veríssimo CJ, Pereira AMF, de Mira Geraldo A, Katiki LM, Titto EAL (2016) Thermoregulatory response in hair sheep and shorn wool sheep. Small Ruminant Research 144, 341-345.

[36] Umar SIU, Konwar D, Khan A, Bhat MA, Javid F, Jeelani R, Nabi B, Najar AA, Kumar D, Brahma B (2021) Delineation of temperature-humidity index (THI) as indicator of heat stress in riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) of a sub-tropical Indian region. Cell Stress and Chaperones 26, 657-669.

Abstract

References

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