The endless scroll of perfection: How digital platforms shape student's body image and novelty-seeking behavior

Adetumilara I. Adebo; Hanina H. Hamsan

doi:10.31893/humanitj.2025005

Keywords:

Abstract

In their quest to better understand the world, students look for something " new and different" in everyday life. Studies have shown that students look for new ways to conform to social norms, engage in recent trends in fashion and body modification, and new ways to obtain approval and validation from others. However, single integrative studies examining these dynamics are insufficient. Therefore, the current correlational study examined the mediating role of social media use in the relationship between body image and the need for novelty among university students. A sample of 331 participants between ages 19 and 39 (51.1% Male; Mage=23.24; SDage=3.18) completed self-report measures of body image, social media use, and need for novelty. Structural equation modeling using Smart PLS version 3 was used for data analysis. The results of the study reveal that body image does not directly predict the need for novelty. However, indirect effects were found between body image and the need for novelty through social media use. No significant differences were found in the need for the novelty of students based on gender. The findings suggest that the self-determination theory is useful for conceptualizing relationships between body image and the need for novelty through social media use among emerging adults.
References
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How to cite

Adebo, A. I., & Hamsan, H. H. (2025). The endless scroll of perfection: How digital platforms shape student’s body image and novelty-seeking behavior. Humanities Journal, 2(2), 2025005. https://doi.org/10.31893/humanitj.2025005

[1] Adrian, A. (2008). No one knows you are a dog: Identity and reputation in virtual worlds. Computer Law and Security Report, 24(4), 366–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2008.03.005

[2] Arnett, J. (1994). Sensation seeking: A new conceptualization and a new scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 16(2), 289–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)90165-1

[3] Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging Adulthood: A Theory of Development From the Late Teens Through the Twenties. American Psychologist Association, 55(June 2000). https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.55.5.469

[4] Arnett, J. J. (2001). Conceptions of the Transition to Adulthood: Perspectives from Adolescence Through Midlife. Journal of Adult Development, 8(2), 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026450103225

[5] Bagheri, L., & Milyavskaya, M. (2020). Novelty–variety as a candidate basic psychological need: New evidence across three studies. Motivation and Emotion, 44(1), 32–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-019-09807-4

[6] Bergh, L., Jordaan, J., Lombard, E., Naude, L., Zyl, J. Van, Bergh, L., Jordaan, J., Lombard, E., Naude, L., Van, J., & Jordaan, J. (2017). Social Media , Permanence , and Tattooed Students : The Case for Personal , Personal Branding Social Media , Permanence , and Tattooed Students : The Case for Personal , Personal Branding. Critical Arts, 4, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2017.1345972

[7] Brodie, J., El Galhud, H., & Bates, A. (2015). A case of episcleral tattooing - An emerging body modification trend Cornea and external eye diseases. BMC Ophthalmology, 15(1), 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-015-0095-y

[8] Butkovic, A., Tomas, J., Spanic, A. M., Vukasovic Hlupic, T., & Bratko, D. (2020). Emerging Adults Versus Middle-Aged Adults: Do they Differ in Psychological Needs, Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(3), 779–798. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00106-w

[9] Carey, R. L. (2016). “Keep that in mind…You’re Gonna go to College”: Family Influence on the College Going Processes of Black and Latino High School Boys. Urban Review, 48(5), 718–742. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-016-0375-8

[10] Casey, B. J., Somerville, L. H., Gotlib, I. H., Ayduk, O., Franklin, N. T., Askren, M. K., Jonides, J., Berman, M. G., Wilson, N. L., Teslovich, T., Glover, G., Zayas, V., Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (2011). Behavioral and neural correlates of delay of gratification 40 years later. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(36), 14998–15003. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1108561108

[11] Chen, A. (2019). From attachment to addiction: The mediating role of need satisfaction on social networking sites. Computers in Human Behavior, 98(March), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.034

[12] Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences.

[13] Cross, C. P., Cyrenne, D. L. M., & Brown, G. R. (2013). Sex differences in sensation-seeking: A meta-analysis. Scientific Reports, 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep02486

[14] Dittmar, H., & Isham, A. (2022). Materialistic value orientation and wellbeing. Current Opinion in Psychology, 46(March), 101337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101337

[15] Duan, J., & Dholakia, R. R. (2018). How Purchase Type Influences Consumption-Related Posting Behavior on Social Media: The Moderating Role of Materialism. Journal of Internet Commerce, 17(1), 64–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2018.1424396

[16] Galak, J., Gray, K., Elbert, I., & Strohminger, N. (2016). Trickle-down preferences: Preferential conformity to high status peers in fashion choices. PLoS ONE, 11(5), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153448

[17] González-Cutre, D., Sicilia, Á., Sierra, A. C., Ferriz, R., & Hagger, M. S. (2016). Understanding the need for novelty from the perspective of self-determination theory. Personality and Individual Differences, 102, 159–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.036

[18] Gündüz, U. (2017). The Effect of Social Media on Identity Construction. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 8(5), 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1515/mjss-2017-0026

[19] Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203

[20] Harrell-Levy, M. K., & Kerpelman, J. L. (2010). Identity process and transformative pedagogy: Teachers as agents of identity formation. Identity, 10(2), 76–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/15283481003711684

[21] Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8

[22] Hollway, W., Lucey, H., & Phoenix, A. (2006). Social Psychology Matters. Open University Press.

[23] Ihssen, N., & Wadsley, M. (2021). A reward and incentive-sensitization perspective on compulsive use of social networking sites – Wanting but not liking predicts checking frequency and problematic use behavior. Addictive Behaviors, 116(November 2020), 106808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106808

[24] Ito, M., Horst, H., Bittani, M., Boyd, D., Herr-Stephenson, B., Lange, P., Pascoe, C. J., & Robinson, L. (2008). Living and Learning with New Media: Summary of Findings from the Digital Youth Project (Issue November).

[25] Kaplan, A., & Flum, H. (2012). Identity formation in educational settings: A critical focus for education in the 21st century. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 37(3), 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2012.01.005

[26] Kim, E. U., Varlinskaya, E. I., Dannenhoffer, C. A., & Spear, L. P. (2019). Adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure: Effects on pubertal development, novelty seeking, and social interaction in adulthood. Alcohol, 75, 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.05.002

[27] Krawczyk, R., & Thompson, J. K. (2015). The effects of advertisements that sexually objectify women on state body dissatisfaction and judgments of women : The moderating roles of gender and internalization. Body Image, 15, 109–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.08.001

[28] Kroger, J., Martinussen, M., & Marcia, J. E. (2010). Identity status change during adolescence and young adulthood: A meta-analysis. Journal of Adolescence Journal, 33, 683–698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.11.002

[29] Lepp, A., & Gibson, H. (2008). Sensation seeking and tourism: Tourist role, perception of risk and destination choice. Tourism Management, 29(4), 740–750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.08.002

[30] Lonergan, A. R., Bussey, K., Mond, J., Brown, O., Giffiths, S., Muray, S. B., & Mitchison, D. (2019). Me, my selfie, and I: The relationship between editing and posting selfies and body dissatisfaction in men and women. Body Image, 28, 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.001

[31] Martin, S., Bruce, B. D., & Alyssa, R. (2020). My Money and Me: Attaining Financial Independence in Emerging Adulthood Through a Conceptual Model of Identity Capital Theory. Contemporary Family Therapy, 42, 33–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-019-09515-8

[32] Mask, L., & Blanchard, C. M. (2011). The effects of “thin ideal” media on women’s body image concerns and eating-related intentions: The beneficial role of an autonomous regulation of eating behaviors. Body Image, 8(4), 357–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.06.003

[33] Mensah, E., Inyabri, I., & Mensah, E. (2018). The Discourse of Tattoo Consumption among Female Youth in Nigeria. Communicatio, 44(3), 56–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/02500167.2018.1556222

[34] Miettunen, J., Veijola, J., Lauronen, E., Kantojärvi, L., & Joukamaa, M. (2007). Sex differences in Cloninger’s temperament dimensions-a meta-analysis. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 48(2), 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2006.10.007

[35] Nabi, N., O’Cass, A., & Siahtiri, V. (2019). Status consumption in newly emerging countries: The influence of personality traits and the mediating role of motivation to consume conspicuously. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 46(August), 173–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.09.009

[36] Odeigah, L., Rasaki, S. O., Ajibola, A. F., Hafsat, A. A., Sule, A. G., & Musah, Y. (2019). High risk sexual behavior among adolescent senior secondary school students in Nigeria. African Health Sciences, 19(1), 1467–1477. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i1.20

[37] Oh, D. W., Shafir, E., & Todorov, A. (2020). Economic status cues from clothes affect perceived competence from faces. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(3), 287–293. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0782-4

[38] Pedalino, F., & Camerini, A. L. (2022). Instagram Use and Body Dissatisfaction: The Mediating Role of Upward Social Comparison with Peers and Influencers among Young Females. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031543

[39] Peter, J., Valkenburg, P. M., & Schouten, A. P. (2005). Developing a model of adolescent friendship formation on the Internet. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 8(5), 423–430. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2005.8.423

[40] Pew Research Center. (2007). A Portrait of “Generation Next.”

[41] Quan-Haase, A., & Young, A. L. (2010). Uses and Gratifications of Social Media: A Comparison of Facebook and Instant Messaging. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 30(5), 350–361. https://doi.org/10.1177/0270467610380009

[42] Reio, T. G., & Choi, N. (2004). Novelty seeking in adulthood: Increases accompany decline. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 165(2), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.3200/GNTP.165.2.119-133

[43] Rosen, L. D., Rokkum, J., Whaling, K., Carrier, L., & Cheever, N. A. (2013). Media and Tech Usage and Attitude Scale: An Empirical Investigation. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2501–2511. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2014.371

[44] Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). ON HAPPINESS AND HUMAN POTENTIALS: A Review ofResearch on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141–166.

[45] Sheldon, P. (2012). Profiling the non-users: Examination of life-position indicators, sensation seeking, shyness, and loneliness among users and non-users of social network sites. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(5), 1960–1965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.05.016

[46] Smith, J. K., Liss, M., Erchull, M. J., Kelly, C. M., Adragna, K., & Baines, K. (2018). The Relationship Between Sexualized Appearance and Perceptions of Women’s Competence and Electability. Sex Roles, 79(11–12), 671–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0898-4

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